rośliny-i-grzyby: Jumping spider

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation. Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by t…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 88

Two New Genera of Jumping Spiders from Hainan Island, China (Araneae, Salticidae). Two new genera of the spider family Salticidae, Corusca gen. nov. and Insula gen. nov., are described. Nine new species of the genus Corusca gen. nov. and 11 new species of the genus Insula gen. nov. are reported from Hainan, Southern China: Corusca acris sp. nov. (male), C. bawangensis sp. nov. (male), C. falcata sp. nov. (male), C. gracilis sp. nov. (male and female), C. jianfengensis sp. nov. (male and female), C. sanyaensis sp. nov. (male and female), C. setifera sp. nov. (male and female), C. viriosa sp. nov. (male and female), C. wuzhishanensis sp. nov. (male and female), Insula curva sp. nov. (male and…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 72

The Pholcidae are a family of araneomorph spiders. The family contains more than 2,000 individual species of pholcids, including those commonly known as cellar spider, daddy long-legs spider, carpenter spider, daddy long-legs, vibrating spider, gyrating spider, long daddy, money spider, and angel spider. The family, first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1850, is divided into 94 genera. The common name "daddy long-legs" is used for several species, especially Pholcus phalangioides, but is also the common name for several other arthropod groups, including harvestmen and crane flies.

Evidence: 43 • authority: 88

Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) are diagnosed, described, and illustrated. The new genera are Dendroicius gen. nov. (type species D. hotaruae sp. nov. (♂♀)) and Megaeupoa gen. nov. (type species M. yanfengi sp. nov. (♂♀)). The new species are Colyttus yiwui sp. nov. (♂♀), Euophrys xuyei sp. nov. (♂♀), Foliabitus weihangi sp. nov. (♂♀), Nigorella mengla sp. nov. (♂♀), Onomastus chenae sp. nov. (♂♀), and Synagelides platnicki sp. nov. (♂♀). A new combination is proposed: Megaeupoa gravelyi (Caleb, 2018), co…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 88

New genera, new species and redescriptions of Australian jumping spiders <br />(Araneae: Salticidae). A number of Australian species have been placed in the wrong, often non-Australian, genera. Some of these problems have been corrected here, by transfer or establishment of new genera. Several new species discovered during the course of the work are also described. Marptusa jovialis L. Koch, 1879 and Marptusa bracteata L. Koch, 1879 are transferred to Apricia gen. nov. Apricia longipalpis sp. nov. is also described from Australia. The study of the Australian species presently included in Trite Simon 1885 showed that this genus does not occur in mainland Australia. Hence, Marptusa vulp…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 92

<b>Four new species of jumping spiders from Qomolangma National Nature Reserve, Xizang, China (Araneae: Salticidae)</b>.. Four new species belonging to two genera of jumping spiders from Qomolangma National Nature Reserve, Xizang, China are described: Habrocestoides shuqiangi Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♂♀), Yaginumaella luoi Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♂♀), Y. qomolangma Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♂♀), and Y. zhangae Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♂♀). Diagnostic photos and a distributional map of the new species are provided.. Authors: Wang C, Mi X, Nyima.. Journal: Zootaxa. Year: 2025

Evidence: 43 • authority: 92

<b>On species groups in the jumping spider genus <i>Hypaeus</i> Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Salticidae: Amycini), with a revision of the <i>H. porcatus</i> species group</b>.. Hypaeus Simon, 1900 is one of the most diverse genera of Amycini, but its limits and internal structure remain poorly defined. Herein, we focus on species closely related to the type species H. taczanowskii (Mello-Leitão, 1948) and propose four species groups within Hypaeus based on shared morphological traits: the H. taczanowskii , the H. miles , the H. ignicomus , and the H. porcatus species groups. The H. porcatus species group is revised in detail. Fresh males of H. flavipes Simon, 19…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 72

Bagheera is a genus of jumping spiders within the family Salticidae, subfamily Salticinae and subtribe Dendryphantina. The genus was first described by George Peckham & Elizabeth Peckham in 1896. The name is derived from Bagheera, a character from Rudyard Kipling's Jungle Book. The type species Bagheera kiplingi is noted for its unique, primarily herbivorous diet of Beltian bodies. Male individuals within the genus may be identified by their elongate, horizontal, parallel chelicerae.

Evidence: 36 • authority: 92

Batesian Mimicry Converges toward Inaccuracy in Myrmecomorphic Spiders.. Batesian mimicry is an impressive example of convergent evolution driven by predation. However, the observation that many mimics only superficially resemble their models despite strong selective pressures is an apparent paradox. Here, we tested the "perfecting hypothesis", that posits that inaccurate mimicry may represent a transitional stage at the macroevolutionary scale by performing the hereto largest phylogenetic analysis (in terms of the number of taxa and genetic data) of ant-mimicking spiders across two speciose but independent clades, the jumping spider tribe Myrmarachnini (Salticidae) and the sac spider subfa…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 80

BARRY J. RICHARDSON (2016) New genera, new species and redescriptions of Australian jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa, 4114: 501–560.

Evidence: 36 • authority: 92

Resolving the tribal classification of Lechia Żabka, 1985 (Araneae: Salticidae) using UCE phylogenomics and morphology.. Understanding shallow-level relationships within the Tree of Life is essential for resolving taxonomic uncertainties and elucidating evolutionary processes. Despite significant advances in the deep-level phylogenetics of jumping spiders, many shallow-level relationships remain poorly understood, as exemplified by the widespread Southeast Asian genus Lechia Żabka, 1985. The phylogenetic placement of this genus is uncertain, compounded by the lack of a formal male description for its type species, Lechia squamata Żabka, 1985. In this study, we present the first formal descr…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 92

Takeoff dynamics are stereotyped across jumping spiders. Jumping is a challenging locomotive mode, requiring rapid force generation and precise co-ordination of multiple limbs. Many animals meet this challenge using elastic mechanisms that store and rapidly release energy. Jumping spiders (Salticidae), however, rely on a semi-hydraulic system that constrains how their legs can generate propulsion. Much about how these spiders reliably generate jumps within these mechanical constraints remains unknown. Here, we analyze 46 individuals collected from the Peruvian Amazon, spanning 14 genera and significant morphological diversity, and show that this physically constrained system is coupled to a…