ludzkie-ciekawostki: Disability

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Disability is the experience of any condition that makes it more difficult for a person to do certain activities or have equitable access within a given society. Disabilities may be cognitive, developmental, intellectual, mental, physical, sensory, or a combination of multiple factors. Disabilities can be present from birth or can be acquired during a person's lifetime. Historically, disabilities have only been recognized based on a narrow set of criteria—however, disabilities are not binary and can present uniquely depending on the individual. A disability may be easily visible, or invisible in nature. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities defines disabil…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 92

Invisibility, hypervisibility, relational visibility, and collective adaptation: inuit experiences of disability.. Disability is increasingly understood as a socially and culturally situated experience shaped by relationships, environments, and systems of recognition. However, limited research has examined how disability is perceived and experienced within Inuit communities. This paper draws on a secondary qualitative analysis of interviews with 126 Nunavummiut across 12 communities in Nunavut, conducted as part of a community-led study by Nunavummi Disabilities Makinnasuaqtiit Society. Guided by Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit and the Piliriqatigiinniq Research Model, the analysis explores how dis…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 72

Learning disability, or learning disorder, is a condition in the brain that causes difficulties comprehending or processing information and can be caused by several different factors. Given the "difficulty learning in a typical manner", this does not exclude the ability to learn in a different manner. Therefore, some people can be more accurately described as having a "learning difference", thus avoiding any misconception of being disabled with a possible lack of an ability to learn and possible negative stereotyping. In the United Kingdom, the term learning disability generally refers to an intellectual disability, while conditions such as dyslexia and dyspraxia are usually referred to as…

Evidence: 37 • authority: 72

Algorithmic bias describes the systematic and repeatable harmful tendency in a computerized sociotechnical system to create "unfair" outcomes, such as "privileging" one category over another in ways that may or may not be different from the intended function of the algorithm. Bias can emerge from many factors, including intentionally biased design decisions or the unintended or unanticipated use or decisions relating to the way data is coded, collected, selected or used to train the algorithm. For example, algorithmic bias has been observed in search engine results and social media platforms. This bias can have impacts ranging from privacy violations to reinforcing social biases of race, ge…

Evidence: 37 • authority: 92

Evidence: 37 • authority: 92

Evidence: 37 • authority: 72

Intellectual disability, also disorder of intellectual development and known as learning difficulty (in the United Kingdom and different from learning disability), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning. Intellectual disabilities may first be apparent during school age. The causes of the disability may be either developmental or genetically inherited. Children with intellectual disability typically have an intelligence quotient (IQ) below 70 and deficits in at least two adaptive behaviors that affect everyday living. According to the DSM-5, intellectual functions include reasoning, problem solving, planni…