miasta-i-wioski: Hamburg

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Hamburg, officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, is the second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and sixth-largest city in the European Union, with a population of over 1.9 million. The Hamburg Metropolitan Region has a population of over 5.1 million and is the tenth-largest metropolitan region by GDP in the European Union. At the base of the Jutland Peninsula, the 110 km (68 mi)-long Elbe estuary begins in Hamburg, at the confluence of the Alster and Bille. Hamburg is one of Germany's three city-states alongside Berlin and Bremen, and is surrounded by Schleswig-Holstein to the north and Lower Saxony to the south. The Port of Hamburg is Germany's largest and Europe's third-lar…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 90

Mortality and life expectancy of professional fire fighters in Hamburg, Germany: a cohort study 1950 – 2000. BACKGROUND: The healthy worker effect may hide adverse health effects in hazardous jobs, especially those where physical fitness is required. Fire fighters may serve as a good example because they sometimes are severely exposed to hazardous substances while on the other hand their physical fitness and their strong health surveillance by far exceeds that of comparable persons from the general population. METHODS: To study this effect a historic cohort study was conducted to assess mortality and life expectancy of professional fire fighters of the City of Hamburg, Germany. Fire departm…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

The demography of Germany is monitored by the Statistisches Bundesamt (Federal Statistical Office of Germany). According to the most recent data, Germany's population is 83,467,117 (31 December 2025) making it the most populous country in the European Union and the nineteenth-most populous country in the world. The total fertility rate was rated at 1.32 in 2025, significantly below the replacement rate of 2.1. Germany has had one of the world's lowest fertility rates of around 1.3 to 1.4 since the 1980s. Due to a low birth rate, Germany has recorded more deaths than births every year since 1972, which means 2025 was the 54th consecutive year the German population would have decreased withou…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 90

The Competitiveness of Global Port-Cities: The Case of Hamburg, Germany. This working paper offers an evaluation of the performance of the Port of Hamburg, as well as an analysis of the port?s impact on its territory and an assessment of relevant policies and governance. It examines port performance in the last decade and identifies the principal factors that have contributed to it. In addition, the report studies the potential for synergies between the Hamburg and Bremerhaven ports. The study also considers the effect of these ports on economic and environmental questions. The value added of the port cluster of Hamburg is calculated, and its linkages with other economic sectors and regions…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 90

Selection and academic success of medical students in Hamburg, Germany. BACKGROUND: Student selection at Hamburg medical school is based on the combination of a natural science knowledge test (HAM-Nat) and pre-university educational attainment. METHOD: Of the 1565 medical students enrolled in Hamburg from 2012 to 2015 about half were admitted by an entrance test, half by quotas. First, we analysed sociodemographic determinants of entrance test performance. Then, we used regression analysis to describe the interplay of variables in the prediction of study outcome, the role of sociodemographic factors, and differences in the calibration of educational attainment specific to German federal sta…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 90

Metropolitan Cities under Transition: The Example of Hamburg/Germany. In the intermediate and long run energy prices and hence transportation costs are expected to increase significantly. According to the reasoning of the New Economic Geography this will strengthen the spreading forces and thus affect the economic landscape. Other influencing factors on the regional distribution of economic activity include the general trends of demographic and structural change. In industrialized countries, the former induces an overall reduction of population and labor force whereas the latter implies an ongoing shift to the tertiary sector and increased specialization. Basically, cities provide better co…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 72

The list of the largest German cities provides an overview of the most populous cities that were located in contemporary German territory at the time of the individual statistics. Industrialization in the 19th century, especially since the Gründerzeit and the foundation of the German Empire in 1871, brought with it increased urbanization in Germany, leading to a largely urbanized society. The following tables show historical population figures of German cities according to the respective area status. Also listed is the superordinate administrative unit (state, country, kingdom, province, district) to which the city belonged in the corresponding year. The following historical and current Ger…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 72

As defined by the German Federal Institute for Research on Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Development, a Großstadt (large city) is a city with more than 100,000 inhabitants. As of today, 80 cities in Germany fulfill this criterion and are listed here. This list refers only to the population of individual municipalities within their defined limits, which does not include other municipalities or suburban areas within urban agglomerations or metropolitan areas.

Evidence: — • authority: 92

CMR-based aortic stiffness parameters in a symptomatic high risk obstructive sleep apnea cohort: results from the population-based Hamburg City Health Study.. Background Aortic stiffness (AS) parameters as pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic distensibility of the ascending and descending aorta (AD AoAsc, AD AoDesc) and pulse pressure (PP) are marker for vascular ageing, whereas data concerning obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in population-based cohorts are sparse. Thus, we aimed to identify possible associations of AS with OSA in the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) cohort. Methods HCHS is a population-based cohort-study quantifying PWV and AD by 2D-phase…