porownania: Pinyin

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The Chinese Phonetic Alphabet, commonly called Hanyu Pinyin or simply pinyin (pīnyīn), is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese. Hanyu literally means 'Han language' — that is, the Chinese language — while pinyin literally means 'spelled sounds'. Pinyin is the official romanization system used in China, Singapore and the United Nations. Its use has become the standard method for transliterating Standard Chinese in most regions, though it is less commonly used in Taiwan. It is employed to teach Standard Chinese, normally written with Chinese characters, to students in mainland China and Singapore. Pinyin is also used by various input methods on computers and to categorize…

Evidence: 64 • authority: 62

Hanyu Pinyin , [ note 1 ] or simply pinyin , is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese . [ lower-alpha 1 ] In official documents, it is referred to as the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is the official system used in China and Singapore , and by the United Nations . Its use has become common when transliterating Standard Chinese mostly regardless of region, though it is less ubiquitous in Taiwan. It is used to teach Standard Chinese, normally written with Chinese characters , to students already familiar with the Latin alphabet. The system makes use of diacritics to indicate the four tones found in Standard Chinese, though these are often omitted in various contexts, such as when spelling Chinese names in non-Chinese texts, or when writing non-Chinese words in Chinese-language texts. Pinyin is also used by various input methods on computers and to categorize entries in some Chinese dictionaries. The word The spelling of Chinese geographical or personal names in pinyin has become the most common way to transcribe them in English. Pinyin has also become the dominant method for entering Chinese text into computers in mainland China, in contrast to Taiwan, where bopomofo is most commonly used. Unlike European languages, clusters of letters —initials ( 声母 ; 聲母 ; shēngmǔ ) and finals ( 韵母 ; 韻母 ; yùnmǔ )— and not consonant and vowel letters, form the fundamental elements in pinyin (and most other phonetic systems used to describe the Han language). Every Mandarin syllable can be spelled with exactly one initial followed by one final, except for the special syllable er or when a trailing -r is considered part of a syllable (a phenomenon known as erhua). The latter case, though a common practice in some sub-dialects, is rarely used in official publications.

Evidence: 59 • authority: 72

Postal romanization was a system of transliterating place names in China developed by postal authorities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. For many cities, the corresponding postal romanization was the most common English-language form of the city's name from the 1890s until the 1980s, when postal romanization was replaced by pinyin, but the system remained in place in Taiwan until 2002. In 1892, Herbert Giles created a romanization system called the Nanking syllabary. The Imperial Maritime Customs Post Office would cancel postage with a stamp that gave the city of origin in Latin letters, often romanized using Giles's system. In 1896, the Customs Post was combined with other posta…

Evidence: 59 • authority: 72

Taiwanese Mandarin, natively referred to as Guoyu (Chinese: 國語; pinyin: Guóyǔ; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄩˇ; lit. 'national language') or Huayu (Chinese: 華語; pinyin: Huáyǔ; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄩˇ; lit. 'Chinese language'), is the variety of Standard Chinese spoken in Taiwan. A large majority of the Taiwanese population is fluent in Mandarin, though many can also speak Taiwanese Hokkien, which has had a significant influence on Taiwanese Mandarin. Mandarin was not a prevalent spoken language in Taiwan before the mid-20th century. Early Chinese immigrants who settled in Taiwan before Japanese rule mainly spoke other varieties of Chinese languages, primarily Hakka and Hokkien. By contrast, Taiwanese i…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 72

Tongyong Pinyin was the official romanization of Mandarin in Taiwan between 2002 and 2008. The system was unofficially used between 2000 and 2002, while a new romanization system for Taiwan was being evaluated for adoption. Taiwan's Ministry of Education approved the system in 2002, but its use was optional. From 1 January 2009, the Ministry of Education began promoting Hanyu Pinyin. Local governments were not able to get financial aid from the central government if they used Tongyong Pinyin-derived romanizations. However, Tongyong Pinyin has continued in use for the transliteration of some place names and personal names in Taiwan (Republic of China). Some of the romanized names of the dist…

Evidence: 0 • authority: 62

pinyin – Store norske leksikon Hanyu pinyin (gjerne forkortet pinyin ) er et transkripsjonssystem for kinesisk mandarin som er det mest utbredte transkripsjonssystemet for standardkinesisk i dag. Pinyin er en type romanisering , som vil si transkribering ved hjelp av det latinske alfabetet. luómǎ pīnyīn 罗马拼音, "romansk (latinsk) staving" (Taiwan)

Evidence: 0 • authority: 62