Ciekawostka: It takes the stomach an hour to break down cows’ milk

Evidence: 65 • authority: 72

Ruminants are herbivorous grazing or browsing artiodactyls belonging to the suborder Ruminantia that are able to easily acquire nutrients from plant-based fibers (such as cellulose) by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions. The process, which takes place in the front part of the digestive system and therefore is called foregut fermentation, typically requires the fermented ingesta (known as cud) to be regurgitated and chewed again. The process of rechewing the ingesta to further break down plant matter and stimulate digestion is called rumination or chewing the cud. The roughly 200 species of ruminants include both domestic and wild…

Evidence: 53 • authority: 88

The preterm infant stomach actively degrades milk proteins with increasing breakdown across digestion time. Abstract Aim This study investigated the effect of time post‐ingestion on gastric digestion and gastric hormones after feeding preterm infants unfortified and fortified human milk. Methods Human milk and infant gastric samples were collected from 14 preterm (23–32 weeks birth gestational age) mother‐infant pairs within 7–98 days postnatal age. Gastric samples were collected one, two and three hours after beginning of feeding. Samples were analysed for pH , proteolysis, general protease activity and the concentrations of pepsin, gastrin and gastrin‐releasing peptide (GRP). One‐way ANOV…

Evidence: 53 • authority: 80

Myrkl: new anti-hangover pill said to break down up to 70% of alcohol in an hour – what you need to know

Evidence: — • authority: 35