transport: Dextroamphetamine

Evidence: 54 • authority: 72

Methylphenidate, sold under the brand names Ritalin and Concerta, among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It may be taken by mouth or applied to the skin, and different formulations have varying durations of effect. For ADHD, the effectiveness of methylphenidate is comparable to atomoxetine but modestly lower than amphetamine. However, methylphenidate is preferred as a first-line treatment in children, while amphetamine is preferred in adults. Methylphenidate reduces core ADHD symptoms and may do so in part by enhancing executive functions, such as working memory, sustained attention,…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 72

Lisdexamfetamine (also known as Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate), and sold under the brand names Vyvanse ( , VY-vans) and Elvanse among others, is a stimulant medication that is used as a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in both children and adults, and for moderate-to-severe binge eating disorder in adults. A prodrug of dextroamphetamine, lisdexamfetamine is taken by mouth. Its effects generally begin within 90 minutes and last for up to 14 hours. Common side effects of lisdexamfetamine include hypertension, loss of appetite, anxiety, diarrhea, trouble sleeping, irritability, and nausea. Rare but serious side effects include mania, sudden cardiac death in those wit…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 72

Adderall is the brand name of a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It is also used as an athletic performance enhancer, cognitive enhancer, appetite suppressant, and recreationally as a euphoriant. Such uses are illegal in many countries. It is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the phenethylamine class. It contains the amphetamines dextroamphetamine saccharate, amphetamine aspartate, dextroamphetamine sulfate, and amphetamine sulfate. It is taken by mouth. At therapeutic doses, Adderall causes emotional and cognitive effects such as euphoria, change in sex drive, increased wakefulness, and imp…

Evidence: 30 • authority: 80

Amphetamine mixed salts, extended release amphetamine mixed salts (generic) ∼ Adderall, Adderall XR (brand)

Evidence: 30 • authority: 72

Amphetamine and methamphetamine are central nervous system stimulants used to treat a variety of conditions. When used recreationally, they are colloquially known as "speed" or sometimes "crank". Amphetamine was first synthesized in 1887 in Germany by Romanian chemist Lazăr Edeleanu, who named it phenylisopropylamine. Around the same time, Japanese organic chemist Nagai Nagayoshi isolated ephedrine from the Chinese ephedra plant and later developed a method for ephedrine synthesis. Methamphetamine was synthesized from ephedrine in 1893 by Nagayoshi. Neither drug had a pharmacological use until 1934, when Smith, Kline & French began selling amphetamine as an inhaler under the trade name Benz…

Evidence: 22 • authority: 80

Bupropion/lidocaine/prilocaine/mixed amphetamine salts

Evidence: 22 • authority: 80

Bioavailability of triple-bead mixed amphetamine salts compared with a dose-augmentation strategy of mixed amphetamine salts extended release plus mixed amphetamine salts immediate release

Evidence: 22 • authority: 72

Evidence: — • authority: 65