transport: English Channel

Evidence: 20 • authority: 92

Hotspots of Arctic and sub-Arctic marine sediment organic carbon are dominated by the Baltic, Barents and Chukchi Seas.. The Arctic and sub-Arctic are warming at least three times faster than the global average, altering terrestrial carbon delivery to the oceans and marine carbon cycling. The sequestration of such carbon into marine sediments is a key contributor to climate regulation. Despite this, the location of organic carbon hotspots at high latitudes are poorly understood, hindering our ability to identify their sensitivity to environmental change. Using quantile regression forests with >13,000 sediment samples, we identify the Baltic, Barents and Chukchi Seas as the dominant high-lat…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

A continent is any of several large terrestrial geographical regions. Continents are generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria. A continent could be a single large landmass, a landmass and nearby islands either on or beyond its continental shelf, or a part of a larger landmass, as in the case of Asia and Europe within Eurasia. Due to these varying definitions, the number of continents varies, up to seven or as few as four. Most English-speaking countries recognize seven continents. In order from largest to smallest in area, these seven are Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia (or Oceania or Australasia). Different variations…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Mediterranean Sea ( MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən) is an intercontinental sea situated between Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern Europe, and on the south by North Africa. To its west it is connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Strait of Gibraltar that separates the Iberian Peninsula in Europe from Morocco in Africa by only 14 km (9 mi); additionally, it is connected to the Black Sea through the Bosporus strait that intersects Turkey in the northeast and the Red Sea via the Suez Canal in the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea covers…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east. Europe shares the landmass of Eurasia with Asia, and of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. Europe is commonly considered to be separated from Asia by the watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea, and the Turkish straits. Europe covers approximately 10,186,000 square kilometres (3,933,000 sq mi), or 2% of Earth's surface (6.8% of Earth's land area), making it the second-smallest continent…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Genomics reveals population structure despite high connectivity of common sole, <i>Solea solea</i> , and European plaice, <i>Pleuronectes platessa</i> , in the Celtic Sea and western English Channel. Despite being two of the most commercially important flatfish (order Pleuronectiformes) in Europe, little is known of the population structure of common sole Solea solea and European plaice Pleuronectes platessa . To address this gap, we generated full-genome resequencing data for 244 sole and 189 plaice in the Celtic Sea and western English Channel region to analyse both neutral and adaptive loci and quantify population processes, such as reproductive isolation or adaptive differentiation in e…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The English Channel, also known as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Southern England from northern France. It links to the southern part of the North Sea by the Strait of Dover at its northeastern end. It is the busiest shipping area in the world. It is about 560 kilometres (300 nautical miles; 350 statute miles) long and varies in width from 240 km (130 nmi; 150 mi) at its widest to 34 km (18 nmi; 21 mi) at its narrowest in the Strait of Dover. It is the smallest of the shallow seas around the continental shelf of Europe, covering an area of some 75,000 square kilometres (22,000 square nautical miles; 29,000 square miles). The Channel aided the United Kingdom in…