transport: British Rail Class 73

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The British Rail Class 73 is a class of electro-diesel locomotives. This type is unusual in that it can operate on the Southern Region's 650/750 V DC third rail power supply, or an onboard diesel engine to allow it to be used on non-electrified routes. This makes it very versatile, although the diesel engine produces less power than is available from the third-rail power supply, so the locomotives are rarely used outside of the former Southern Region of British Rail. It is one of the first bi-mode locomotives ever built. Following the withdrawal and scrapping of the more powerful Class 74 bi-mode locomotives in 1977, the Class 73 was unique on the British railway network until the introduct…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 72

The British Rail Class 88 is a type of main line mixed traffic electro-diesel locomotive, manufactured by Vossloh España/Stadler Rail Valencia for Direct Rail Services (DRS) in Great Britain. The locomotive is part of the Stadler Euro Dual group and is the first dual-mode locomotive in Great Britain to use 25 kV AC railway electrification. Amid the fulfillment of DRS's order for the Class 68, Vossloh's team proposed the development of a dual-mode locomotive that could be alternatively powered by an onboard diesel engine or via electricity supplied from overhead lines (OHLE). Having been impressed by the concept, DRS opted to place an order for ten Class 88s in September 2013. Having been de…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 72

The British Rail Class 93 is a tri-mode locomotive built by Stadler Rail in Valencia. It is an evolution of the Class 88 bi-mode locomotive, which was built by Stadler for Direct Rail Services. Three different power sources are used to power the locomotive – 4,000 kW (5,400 hp) 25 kV AC overhead electric power, or a 900 kW (1,200 hp) diesel engine supplemented by a 400 kW (540 hp) battery – allowing the locomotive to be used on both electrified and non-electrified lines. Rail Operations Group is the sole operator and ordered ten locomotives.

Evidence: 25 • authority: 88

Hydrogen-diesel and ammonia-diesel as fuels for future diesel engines. The search for fossil fuels substitutes has led to the increased use of carbon-free fuels. These include ammonia and hydrogen. However, independent combustion of these fuels is quite troublesome due to their physicochemical properties or requiring significant changes in the design of the combustion engine used in heavy-duty vehicles. Such designs are used in rail vehicles and other means of heavy transport. These are usually compression-ignition engines with appropriate modifications. Therefore, the article presents solutions for co-combustion of hydrogen and ammonia fuels along with typical diesel fuel. Solutions enabli…

Evidence: 25 • authority: 72

The Class 68 is a type of mainline mixed traffic diesel-electric locomotive manufactured by Stadler Rail Valencia (and previously by Vossloh España) for Direct Rail Services (DRS) in the United Kingdom. The design is derived from the Stadler Eurolight, and Stadler's product name for this variant is the UKLight. On 5 January 2012, DRS announced the placement of an order for fifteen Class 68 locomotives, the first of which arrived in the UK during January 2014. The first batch of Class 68s was quickly followed by a second batch, also intended for DRS and the first batch to be built by Stadler. The delivery of these locomotives was completed during April 2016. A third batch of Class 68s was al…

Evidence: 25 • authority: 72

The British Rail Class 769 Flex is a class of four-car bi-mode multiple unit (BMU) converted by Brush Traction, and running in service with Northern Trains. The train is a conversion of the existing Class 319 electric multiple unit (EMU), a conventional unit type which had become surplus to requirements during the 2010s. The conversion process was carried out by a partnership between the rolling stock leasing company Porterbrook and train manufacturer Brush Traction. The conversion principally involved the addition of a pair of MAN diesel engines (one under each driving trailer vehicle), the output of which is fed into ABB-provided alternators to power the existing electric traction systems…

Evidence: — • authority: 88

The installation of a common rail diesel engine on a light helicopter of the eurocopter EC120 class. <p>A feasibility study for the installation of a CRDID (Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel) on a light helicopter is introduced. The total mass available for the CRDID is evaluated starting from fuel consumption and helicopter data. The conversion of an automotive unit was discarded to excessive mass and excessive costs of the conversion. A derivative of an automotive engine was then considered. This solution proved to be feasible. The installation of the new CRDID was then studied. The turbocharger and the cooling system were defined for the application. The result was the evaluation of th…

Evidence: — • authority: 88

Development of a Generic Dual Fuel ECU for Common Rail Diesel Engine Control. <p>Rising costs of diesel fuel has led to an increased interest in dual fuel diesel engine conversion, which can offset diesel consumption though the simultaneous combustion of a secondary gaseous fuel. This system offers benefits both environmentally and financially in an increasingly energy-conscious society. Dual fuel engine conversions have previously been fitted to mechanical injection systems, requiring physical modification of the fuel pump. The aim of this work is to develop a novel electronic dual fuel control system that may be installed on any modern diesel engine using common rail fuel injection with s…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The British Rail Class 395 Javelin is a dual-voltage electric multiple-unit (EMU) passenger train built by Hitachi Rail as part of the Hitachi A-train AT300 family for high-speed commuter services on High Speed 1 and elsewhere on the South Eastern franchise. The whole fleet is operated by Southeastern. The Class 395 can operate at a maximum speed of 140 mph (225 km/h) under 25 kV AC overhead electrification on High Speed 1, and 100 mph (160 km/h) on 750 V DC third-rail supply on conventional lines. It is typically formed as a six-car train, although they can be rapidly coupled to one another to form a 12-car train as required. The type, which was entirely manufactured in Japan, is the first…