słonie: Tsunami

Evidence: 57 • authority: 92

Numerical Analysis of Tsunami Bore–Induced Forces on Structures: Evaluating the Mitigation Potential of a Water-Filled Canal. Abstract Although tsunamis are unpredictable natural events, their impact on coastal areas can be mitigated through the implementation of effective countermeasures. Both engineered and nature-based strategies have been employed to dissipate tsunami energy to protect infrastructure near affected coastlines and safeguard human life. Among these countermeasures, water-filled canals have proven to be effective in reducing tsunami energy, as demonstrated through field investigations, experimental studies, and numerical analyses. The interaction of tsunami bores with water…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 92

Energy based assessment of submarine landslide tsunamis in the Bay of Naples southern Tyrrhenian Sea.. Submarine mass failures (SMF) represent a potential tsunami source for densely populated coastal areas such as the Bay of Naples (southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). This study applies a three-dimensional numerical modeling framework, combining GEOWAVE/TOPICS and FUNWAVE, to simulate tsunami generation, propagation, and nearshore impact associated with two geomorphologically plausible submarine landslides located at the Dohrn Canyon head and along the Ischia Bank slope. A third configuration considers their combined activation within a deterministic scenario-based approach. The simulations hi…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 88

Territorial Vulnerability Assessment Supporting Risk Managing Coastal Areas Due to Tsunami Impact. Portugal’s coastline extends 1187 km. It is characterized by social, economic and physical conditions that differentiate it from the rest of the territory, including population density, location of infrastructure and support of tourism activities. Therefore, it has a significant exposure if a tsunami occurs. Six coastal study sites with varying characteristics were selected for evaluation in this paper, including two core beach-use areas, two residential areas and two industrial areas. These sites are located in the municipalities of Figueira da Foz, Setúbal and Vila do Bispo. The analysis beg…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 88

Suitable geochemical markers to determine tsunami impact - an approach on coastal areas in Northern Japan. <p>The 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami had a destructive effect and impact on the coast of Japan. Coinciding with the inundation of vast coastal areas, the catastrophic event released many pollutants from damaged facilities but also remobilized sediment-bound residues. These environmental and depositional variations left a distinct signature in the sediment, both sedimentologically and geochemically.</p><p>A wide variety of organic geochemical substances were detected in the sampled sediment profiles in Northern Japan (Misawa harbor, Futakawame and Oirase). Some compounds reflect the 2011 tsun…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 92

Direct and Functional Hazard Exposure of Urban Healthcare Systems Under Estimated Tsunami Inundation Zones: A Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Cross-Boundary Analysis in Osaka City, Japan.. Background Tsunami disasters pose significant challenges to urban healthcare systems, particularly in densely populated coastal metropolitan areas. Although previous studies have examined hazard exposure and evacuation dynamics, limited attention has been paid to how healthcare system vulnerability arises from the combined effects of hazard exposure and population redistribution. This study examined the spatial relationships among estimated tsunami inundation zones, population distribution, and…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 72

A megatsunami is an extremely large wave created by a substantial and sudden displacement of material into a body of water. Megatsunamis have different features from ordinary tsunamis. Ordinary tsunamis are caused by underwater tectonic activity (movement of the earth's plates) and therefore occur along plate boundaries and as a result of earthquakes and the subsequent rise or fall in the sea floor that displaces a volume of water. Ordinary tsunamis exhibit shallow waves in the deep waters of the open ocean that increase dramatically in height upon approaching land to a maximum run-up height of around 30 metres (100 ft) in the cases of the most powerful earthquakes. By contrast, megatsunami…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 72

On 26 December 2004, at 07:58:53 local time (UTC+7), a Mw 9.2–9.3 earthquake struck with its epicenter off the west coast of Aceh, in northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The undersea megathrust earthquake, known in the scientific community as the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake, was caused by a rupture along the fault boundary between the Burma plate and the Indian plate, and reached a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX in some areas. The earthquake caused a massive tsunami with waves up to 30 m (100 ft) high, referred to by British and Commonwealth media as the Boxing Day tsunami, after the Boxing Day holiday, or the Asian tsunami, which devastated communities along the surrounding coasts of the Indian…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 72

This article lists notable tsunamis, which are sorted by the date and location that they occurred. Because of seismic and volcanic activity associated with tectonic plate boundaries along the Pacific Ring of Fire, tsunamis occur most frequently in the Pacific Ocean, but are a worldwide natural phenomenon. They are possible wherever large bodies of water are found, including inland lakes, where they can be caused by landslides and glacier calving. Very small tsunamis, non-destructive and undetectable without specialized equipment, occur frequently as a result of minor earthquakes and other events. Around 1600 BC, the eruption of Thira devastated Aegean sites including Akrotiri (prehistoric c…

Evidence: — • authority: 54