transport: La Paz

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

La Paz (Spanish: [la ˈpas]; lit. 'the peace'), officially Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Aymara: Chuqi Yapu Aymara pronunciation: [ˈtʃoqɛ ˈjapʊ]), is the seat of government of Bolivia. With 755,732 residents as of 2024, it is the third-most populous city in Bolivia. Its metropolitan area, which includes the neighboring city of El Alto, and other smaller towns, is the second most populous urban area in Bolivia, with a population of 2.2 million, after Santa Cruz de la Sierra with a population of 2.3 million. The city is also the capital of the department of the same name. Located in west-central Bolivia 68 km (42 mi) southeast of Lake Titicaca, La Paz is set in a canyon created by the Choqueyapu R…

Evidence: 50 • authority: 80

Unusual past dry and wet rainy seasons over Southern Africa and South America from a climate perspective

Evidence: 50 • authority: 88

Cold winters, warm summers, no dry season: greenhouse gas emissions from forest organic soils in the Köppen–Geiger Dfb climate zone. Abstract. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from organic soils are a key component of land-use-related emissions, particularly in countries with large areas of organic soils. Temperate-zone forest soils remain less studied in GHG research than boreal soils. However, recent work has expanded coverage in the northeastern temperate region, which, under the Köppen–Geiger climate classification, shares key climatic characteristics with the southern boreal region (Dfb). This study synthesised updated GHG flux data to evaluate carbon balance and emissions from forest or…

Evidence: 50 • authority: 80

Climate: Dry winters heat european summers

Evidence: 42 • authority: 88

Wet winters, dry summers? Three centuries of precipitation data from Paris. Precipitation measurements taken at the Paris Observatory from the 1680s to the 1750s are presented; these values are blended with modern data until 2001. The most striking change in the precipitation patterns over the past 300 years is the change in seasonal distribution; in the late 17th and 18th centuries, summer precipitation accounted for 60% of the yearly total, changing to a uniform seasonal distribution in the 20th century. Winter precipitation has increased by 24 mm/century, while summer precipitation increased by 4 mm/century. The winter of 2000/2001 was the wettest of the past three centuries; the year 20…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate or maritime climate, is the temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification represented as Cfb or represented as Do under the Trewartha climate classification, typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring warm summers and cool to mild winters (for their latitude), with a relatively narrow annual temperature range and few extremes of temperature under Köppen's system or mediocre growing seasons with mild winters under Trewartha's. Oceanic climates can be found in both hemispheres generally between 40 and 60 degrees latitude, with subpolar versions extending to 70 degrees latitude in some coastal ar…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The climate of the United States varies due to changes in latitude, and a range of geographic features, including mountains and deserts. Generally, on the mainland, the climate of the U.S. becomes warmer the farther south one travels, and drier the farther west, until one reaches the West Coast. West of 100°W, much of the U.S. has a cold semi-arid climate in the interior upper western states (Idaho to the Dakotas), transitioning into warm to hot desert and semi-arid climates in the southwestern U.S. East of 100°W, the climate is humid continental in northern areas (locations roughly above 40°N, Northern Plains, Midwest, Great Lakes, New England), transitioning into a humid temperate climate…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The subhumid temperate climate also called monsoon temperate climate, is a temperate climate sub-type with monsoon influence, that is a climate with dry winter and wet summer. Although the terms subhumid temperate climate and monsoon temperate climate are not officially used in the Köppen climate classification, climates of this type may fall under the Cw classification for dry winters.

Evidence: — • authority: 72

This list of locations with a subtropical climate specifically lists locations considered within the subtropics. The subtropics are geographic and climate zones located roughly between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn and the 40th parallel in both hemispheres. Subtropical climate regions can exist at high elevations within the tropics, such as across the Mexican Plateau and the Ethiopian Highlands and in Da Lat of the Vietnamese Central Highlands. These regions can also exist beyond 45 degrees poleward due to maritime influences on the NW European and Argentinian coasts, according to Trewartha. Six climate classifications utilise the term to help define the various temperature a…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Highland temperate climates are a temperate climate sub-type, typically located in the tropics with characteristics different from other temperate climates such as Oceanic or Mediterranean, where they are often included without proper differentiation. The main difference between highland temperate climates and other, similar, climates, is that their consistent weather throughout the year is caused by altitude, and not latitude. Highland temperate climates do not experience the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter). Instead, they experience rainfall variation in the form of a dry season and wet season. It is usually said that these regions have an Eternal Spring or an Eternal Autumn.…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Latitudinal and temporal distribution of aerosols and precipitable water vapor in the tropical Andes from AERONET, sounding, and MERRA-2 data.. The aerosol and precipitable water vapor (PW) distribution over the tropical Andes region is characterized using Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations at stations in Medellin (Colombia), Quito (Ecuador), Huancayo (Peru), and La Paz (Bolivia). AERONET aerosol optical depth (AOD) is interpreted using PM 2.5 data when available. Columnar water vapor derived from ozone soundings at Quito is used to compare against AERONET PW. MERRA-2 data are used to complement analyses. Urban pollution and biomass burning smoke (BBS) dominate the regional aero…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Emergence of dengue at high altitude: characterization of the 2024 outbreak in Cochabamba, Bolivia.. Dengue virus (DENV) transmission in Bolivia has historically been restricted to tropical lowland regions, where the primary vector Ae. aegypti is endemic. In recent years, however, the vector has expanded into high-altitude areas. In 2024, Cochabamba, located at ~ 2,550 m above sea level, experienced its largest recorded dengue outbreak. We analyzed data from 9,576 suspected dengue cases reported between January and July 2024, of which 5,923 were laboratory-confirmed. A subset of DENV-positive samples underwent whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Dengue cases were detected in…