rozwoj-i-zycie: Henry David Thoreau

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"Resistance to Civil Government", also called "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience" or "Civil Disobedience", is an essay by American transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau, first published in 1849. In it, Thoreau argues that individuals should prioritize their conscience over compliance with unjust laws, asserting that passive submission to government authority enables injustice. Thoreau was motivated by his opposition to slavery and the Mexican–American War (1846–1848), which he viewed as morally and politically objectionable. The essay has had a significant impact on political thought and activism, influencing figures such as Mahatma Gandhi, who adopted its principles in the struggle for Ind…

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Henry David Thoreau (born David Henry Thoreau; July 12, 1817 – May 6, 1862) was an American naturalist, essayist, poet, and philosopher. A leading transcendentalist, he is best known for his book Walden, a reflection upon simple living in natural surroundings, and his essay "Civil Disobedience" (originally published as "Resistance to Civil Government"), an argument in favor of citizen disobedience against an unjust state. Thoreau's books, journals, and poetry amount to more than 20 volumes. Among his lasting contributions are his writings on natural history and philosophy, in which he anticipated the methods and findings of ecology and environmental history, two sources of modern-day enviro…

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The political Thoreau. Abstract This chapter explores Henry David Thoreau’s evolution as a political thinker and activist. It underscores the tension between Thoreau’s solitary life in nature and his increasingly outspoken political involvement, particularly in the antislavery cause. Thoreau’s historical impact as a political thinker and activist rests especially on “Civil Disobedience,” the lecture-essay inspired by his arrest and imprisonment for tax refusal, which lays out a philosophy of individual moral responsibility and nonviolent resistance to unjust laws. As abolitionist opposition to the increasing power of proslavery interests intensified, however, Thoreau’s stance became more ag…

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The Night Thoreau Spent in Jail is a two-act American play by Robert E. Lee and Jerome Lawrence, written in 1969. The play is based on the early life of the title character, Henry David Thoreau, leading up to the night he spent in jail in Concord, Massachusetts. Thoreau was jailed because he had refused to pay a poll tax that might be used to pay for the Mexican–American War, which he opposed. Writing in The New York Times, reviewer Howard Taubman described the ideological relevance of the play to contemporary audiences, stating "this play and its protagonist, though they are of the 19th century, are speaking to today's concerns: an unwanted war in another land, civil disobedience, the inte…

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Henry David Thoreau, “Slavery in Massachusetts” (4 July 1854). Abstract THOREAU’S RESPONSE TO the state’s support of slavery was delivered at an “anti-slavery celebration” on the Fourth of July and printed in the leading abolitionist newspaper, the Liberator, edited by the fiery William Lloyd Garrison. If nothing else, this address shows how far Transcendentalist rhetoric had come in the last decade over the issue of what must come first, changing the laws so that they are fair or reforming people so that they may make just laws. Thoreau’s statement that the “law will never make men free; it is men who have to make the law free” is in sharp contrast to the belief in social progress shown by…

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A Yankee in Canada, with Anti-Slavery and Reform Papers is an anthology of works by Henry David Thoreau, edited by his sister Sophia Thoreau and his friends William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson. It was published in 1866, after Thoreau’s death, by Ticknor and Fields, the Boston firm that had published Walden.

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The Concord Female Anti-Slavery Society (founded 1837) was a female abolitionist organisation in Concord, Massachusetts, in the mid 19th century. This society was a significant influence on Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Louisa May Alcott.