psy: Dolphin

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

A dolphin is any one of the 40 extant species of aquatic mammal from the cetacean families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the New World river dolphins), Pontoporiidae (the brackish dolphins), and the possibly extinct Lipotidae (baiji or Chinese river dolphin). All these families belong to the parvorder Odontoceti, i.e., toothed whales, which also include the closely related families Monodontidae (beluga and narwhal) and Phocoenidae (porpoises), as well as the more distant families Physeteroidea (sperm whales) and Ziphiidae (beaked whales). Dolphins range in sizes from the human-sized 1.7-metre-long (5 ft 7 in) and 50-kilogram (110-pou…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 72

Fins are moving appendages protruding from the body of fish that interact with water to generate thrust and lift, which help the fish swim. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish fins have no direct articulations with the axial skeleton and are attached to the core only via muscles and ligaments. Fish fins are highly distinctive anatomical features with varying internal structures among different clades: in ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii), fins are mainly composed of spreading bony spines or "rays" covered by a thin stretch of scaleless skin, resembling a folding fan; in lobe-finned fish (Sarcopterygii) such as coelacanths and lungfish, fins are short rays based around a muscular central…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 72

River dolphins, also called freshwater dolphins, are a polyphyletic group of fully aquatic mammals that reside exclusively in freshwater or even in brackish water. They are an informal grouping of dolphins, which itself is a paraphyletic group within the infraorder Cetacea. These dolphins are placed in three superfamilies, Platanistoidea (Platanistidae), Inioidea (Iniidae and Pontoporiidae) and Lipotoidea (Lipotidae). They comprise the families Platanistidae (the South Asian dolphins), the possibly extinct Lipotidae (Yangtze River dolphin), Iniidae (the Amazonian dolphins) and Pontoporiidae (the La Plata dolphins). There are five extant species of river dolphins. River dolphins, alongside o…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 92

Swimming with robots: investigating fish locomotion, sensing, and schooling behavior with robotic swimmers.. Fish display remarkable locomotor and social abilities, from efficient swimming to coordinated schooling, that have inspired the design of various robotic fish. While robotics has largely benefited from biology, fish-like robots are increasingly used as scientific tools to investigate fundamental questions in biomechanics, sensorimotor control, and collective behavior. This paper reviews how robotic models have been employed to study the neuromechanical basis of swimming, the role of sensory feedback in locomotion, and the mechanisms underlying social interactions in schools. We list…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 72

Evidence: 36 • authority: 72