rekordy: Imitative learning

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Imitative learning is a type of social learning whereby new behaviors are acquired via imitation. Imitation aids in communication, social interaction, and the ability to modulate one's emotions to account for the emotions of others, and is "essential for healthy sensorimotor development and social functioning". The ability to match one's actions to those observed in others occurs in humans and animals; This phenomenon has evolutionary roots as it increases an individual's chances of survival in avoiding the costs of individual learning. Imitative learning is different from observational learning in that it requires a duplication of the behaviour exhibited by the model, whereas observational…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 72

Observational learning is learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others. It is a form of social learning which takes various forms, based on various processes. In humans, this form of learning seems to not need reinforcement to occur, but instead, requires a social model such as a parent, sibling, friend, or teacher with surroundings. Particularly in childhood, a model is someone of authority or higher status in an environment. In animals, observational learning is often based on classical conditioning, in which an instinctive behavior is elicited by observing the behavior of another (e.g. mobbing in birds), but other processes may be involved as well.

Evidence: 41 • authority: 88

Observational learning of conservation: When imitative practice makes nearly perfect. Observational learning of conservation: When imitative practice makes nearly perfect The present experiment tested the hypothesis that observational acquisition of conservation can be achieved through initial imitation. Non‐conservers, who had already completed a conservation‐related task either successfully or unsuccessfully, were exposed to a conserving model. During immediate post‐testing, one group performed conservation tasks which lent themselves to direct imitation of the model, and subsequently performed conservation tasks which did not so lend themselves. Another group performed the same two types…

Evidence: 35 • authority: 80

Conditional Responding as a Paradigm for Observational, Imitative Learning and Vicarious-Reinforcement

Evidence: 35 • authority: 72

The Bobo doll experiment was used by psychologist Albert Bandura to test his social learning theory. Between 1961 and 1963, he studied children's behaviour after watching an adult model act aggressively towards a Bobo doll. The most notable variation of the experiment measured the children's behavior after seeing the adult model rewarded, punished, or experience no consequence for physically abusing the Bobo doll. Social learning theory proposes that people learn largely through observation, imitation, and modelling. The Bobo doll experiment demonstrates that people learn not only by being rewarded or punished but they can also learn from watching someone else being rewarded or punished. Th…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behavior, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, other animals, and some machines. There is also evidence for some kind of learning in certain plants. Some learning is immediate, induced by a single event (e.g. being burned by a hot stove), but much skill and knowledge accumulate from repeated experiences. The changes induced by learning often last a lifetime, and it is hard to distinguish learned material that seems to be "lost" from that which cannot be retrieved. Human learning begins at birth and may even start before birth and continues until death as a consequence of on…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

In emulation learning, subjects learn about parts of their environment and use this to achieve their own goals and is an observational learning mechanism (sometimes called social learning mechanisms). In this context, emulation was coined by child psychologist David Wood in 1988. In 1990 "emulation" was taken up by Michael Tomasello to explain the findings of an earlier study on ape social learning. The meaning of the term emulation has changed gradually over time. Emulation is different from imitation - because emulation focuses on the action's environmental results instead of a model's action themselves. The fidelity of an observational learning mechanism is expected to have profound impl…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Social learning refers to learning that is facilitated by observation of, or interaction with, another animal or its products. Social learning has been observed in a variety of animal taxa, such as insects, fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals (including primates). Social learning is fundamentally different from individual learning, or asocial learning, which involves learning the appropriate responses to an environment through experience and trial and error. Though asocial learning may result in the acquisition of reliable information, it is often costly for the individual to obtain. Therefore, individuals that are able to capitalize on other individuals' self-acquired information…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Creativity in high-fidelity simulation-based nursing education: associations with learning outcomes and stress.. Introduction Contemporary nursing education increasingly relies on evidence-informed teaching strategies that improve learning outcomes while supporting students' psychological well-being. High-fidelity simulation (HFS) is a well-established educational method; however, less is known about the role of individual learner characteristics, such as creativity, in shaping its effectiveness. Aim of the study This study aimed to examine creativity in the cognitive and characterological domains and to analyze its relationship with satisfaction, self-confidence, perceived learning outcome…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Learning by Social Interactions: Insights into Observational Learning in Autism Spectrum Disorder.. Background/Objectives : Observational learning allows people to acquire new skills by observing the actions of others embedded in their social environment. From childhood, observational learning is a central process in human cognitive development, playing a crucial role in the acquisition of complex skills. Children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit deficits in what are considered prerequisites for observational learning to occur (i.e., attending, imitation, delayed imitation, consequence discrimination). Considering this, the present review examined the literature…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Reward and Imitation in Social Conformity.. Purpose Normative social conformity has been proposed to elicit a hedonic reward signal that is dissociable from informational inferences about decision outcomes. If present, such a signal should reinforce not just the decision that preceded it but also incidental, contextual, and stimulus features. Here, we pit this account against a non-hedonic imitation algorithm. Method Across two studies (n = 359), we used a nondeceptive three-participant gambling task in which trial-by-trial information was provided about the selections and monetary payoffs of two other participants facing the same, recurring, options in real time. We use computational cogni…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Brain-to-Brain Coupling Is Associated With the Benefits of Delayed Imitation in Skill Acquisition: An fNIRS Study.. Purpose Observational learning through imitation is an important ability across various domains. Although research has found that delayed imitation produces superior learning outcomes compared with other observational learning strategies, the underlying reason for this advantage remains unclear. This study investigated whether interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) between learners and demonstrators is related to the benefits of delayed imitation. Methods A total of 48 pairs of participants (M age = 19.44, SD age = 0.71) engaged in an abacus learning task under three learni…