kosmos: Wind

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Wind is the natural movement of air or other gases relative to a planet's surface. Winds occur on a range of scales, from thunderstorm flows lasting tens of minutes, to local breezes generated by heating of land surfaces and lasting a few hours, to global winds resulting from the difference in absorption of solar energy between the climate zones on Earth. The study of wind is known as anemology. The two main causes of large-scale atmospheric circulation are the differential heating between the equator and the poles, and the rotation of the planet, which is called the Coriolis effect. Within the tropics and subtropics, thermal low circulations over terrain and high plateaus can drive monsoon…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 92

Land-atmosphere-ocean coupling associated with the Tibetan Plateau and its climate impacts.. This paper reviews recent advances regarding land-atmosphere-ocean coupling associated with the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its climatic impacts. Thermal forcing over the TP interacts strongly with that over the Iranian Plateau, forming a coupled heating system that elevates the tropopause, generates a monsoonal meridional circulation over South Asia and creates conditions of large-scale ascent favorable for Asian summer monsoon development. TP heating leads to intensification and westward extension (northward movement) of the South Asian High (Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone), and exerts stron…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 80

Global Vorticity Budget Over the Tropics and Subtropics at 200-mb During Northern Hemisphere Summer

Evidence: 41 • authority: 88

Divergence, vorticity and vertical motion in the fields of winter and monsoon circulations over India. Using upper wind data of 69 pilot balloon and rawin stations in India, Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon, multi-level fields of divergence, vorticity and vertical motion have been computed on five consecutive days in the months of January and July 1958 to study the winter and monsoon circulations over the Indian region. Computations have been made at 37 grid points 2.5 degrees apart, with the help of a digital computer. A filtering technique was used to smoothen the observed winds so as to filter out noise.
 
 The study provides a convenient method of computing divergence directly from…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 80

Dynamic and thermal circulations over the Tharsis region on Mars

Evidence: 41 • authority: 72

An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate or maritime climate, is the temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification represented as Cfb or represented as Do under the Trewartha climate classification, typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring warm summers and cool to mild winters (for their latitude), with a relatively narrow annual temperature range and few extremes of temperature under Köppen's system or mediocre growing seasons with mild winters under Trewartha's. Oceanic climates can be found in both hemispheres generally between 40 and 60 degrees latitude, with subpolar versions extending to 70 degrees latitude in some coastal ar…