fizyka: Resonance (chemistry)

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

In chemistry, resonance, also called mesomerism, is a way of describing bonding in certain molecules or polyatomic ions by the combination of several contributing structures (or forms, also variously known as resonance structures or canonical structures) into a resonance hybrid (or hybrid structure) in valence bond theory. It has particular value for analyzing delocalized electrons where the bonding cannot be expressed by one single Lewis structure. The resonance hybrid is the accurate structure for a molecule or ion; it is an average of the theoretical (or hypothetical) contributing structures.

Evidence: 50 • authority: 92

Bond and Antibond Resonances: A Unified Framework for Singlet Biradical Character.. While the mathematical description of the electronic structure of biradical(oid)s is nowadays well understood, we feel that the chemical-conceptual understanding of the structure and bonding, especially of singlet biradicaloids, remains underdeveloped. In particular, the degree of "biradical character" of singlet biradicaloids is discussed in the literature using a heterogeneous selection of indices, which are often not directly comparable and therefore hamper the development of a systematic understanding as well as comparison of different biradicaloid species. This paper aims to ameliorate this situation, b…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 80

Electrons, Bonding, and Structure 1