jedzenie: Alcohol and society

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Alcohol and society have been closely intertwined for a large portion of human history. Some research suggests that our interactions with alcohol can be traced back to our primate ancestors. There are various implications that result from this extensive history between humans and alcohol. Alcoholic drinks can have a range of effects on the individual human, as well as human society as a whole. The topic of alcohol can also spark a variety of opinions on the subject. While some view it as a tool that can be used social situations or as a substance that can calm them down, others criticize it for the ways in which it can degrade human health. According to a 2024 World Health Organization (WHO…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 92

The Promise of an Evolutionary Perspective of Alcohol Consumption.. The urgent need for medical treatments of alcohol use disorders has motivated the search for novel molecular targets of alcohol response. Most studies exploit the strengths of lab animals without considering how these and other species may have adapted to respond to alcohol in an ecological context. Here, we provide an evolutionary perspective on the molecular and genetic underpinnings of alcohol consumption by reviewing evidence that alcohol metabolic enzymes have undergone adaptive evolution at 2 evolutionary junctures: first, to enable alcohol consumption accompanying the advent of a frugivorous diet in a primate ancesto…

Evidence: 67 • authority: 72

The drunken monkey hypothesis proposes that human attraction to alcohol may derive from dependence of the primate ancestors of Homo sapiens on ripe and fermenting fruit as a dominant food source. Ethanol naturally occurs in ripe and overripe fruit when yeasts ferment sugars, and consequently early primates (and many other fruit-eating animals) have evolved a genetically based behavioral attraction to the molecule. This hypothesis was originally proposed by Robert Dudley of the University of California at Berkeley, and was the subject of a symposium at the 2004 annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. His book The Drunken Monkey: Why We Drink and Abuse Alcohol w…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 80

A nonhuman primate model of type II excessive alcohol consumption

Evidence: 51 • authority: 80

Integrative analysis of human and non-human primate brain tissue for alcohol consumption

Evidence: 51 • authority: 80

Effects of chronic alcohol consumption on neuronal function in the non-human primate BNST

Evidence: 51 • authority: 80

Our primate ancestors evolved in the cold – not the tropics

Evidence: 51 • authority: 92

Cognitive correlates of human endurance.. Recent work suggests combining physical activity with cognitive tasks may have been critical to human evolution and may be beneficial to human brain health today. These combined tasks are key elements of foraging, a lifestyle employed by human ancestors for over 2 My. However, it is unclear whether cognitive engagement during foraging-like tasks impacts endurance, and therefore foraging performance, and whether cognitive adaptations may mitigate these effects. We tested the hypothesis that cognitive engagement during endurance walking increases perceived physical effort without influencing physiological responses, and that enhanced cognition mitigat…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in Primates: A Systematic Review.. Alcohol consumption has been increasingly associated with alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolic activity; however, evidence regarding microbiota-derived metabolites remains fragmented. This systematic review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the effects of alcohol consumption on gut microbiota-derived metabolites in humans and non-human primates. The review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and included studies published between 2012 and 2026. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus…