transport: Generation Z in the United States

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Generation Z (or Gen Z for short), colloquially known as Zoomers, is the demographic cohort succeeding Millennials and preceding Generation Alpha. Members of Generation Z, were born between the mid-to-late 1990s and the early 2010s, with the generation typically being defined as those born from 1997 to 2012. In other words, the first wave came of age during the latter half of the second decade of the twenty-first century, a time of significant demographic change due to declining birthrates, population aging, and immigration. Americans who grew up in the 2000s and 2010s saw gains in IQ points, but loss in creativity. They also reach puberty earlier than previous generations. On the whole, th…

Evidence: 55 • authority: 88

Declining Fertility, Aging Population and Support Population Shortfalls: How Far Can Immigration Help?&lt;i&gt;An Analysis of Declining Fertility, Increasingly Aging Populations, Population Support Ratios (PSR), and Ensuing Immigration Shortfalls for World Re…. <p dir="ltr">Fertility rates, especially in developed countries, are declining rapidly, and there is broad consensus that population size will also decline and age concurrently. This demographic shift is expected to produce a support crisis as the growing proportion of elderly individuals will place increasing demands on social and medical services. A solution often proposed is increased immigration, which can bolster the working-age…

Evidence: 55 • authority: 88

Declining Fertility, Aging Population and Support Population Shortfalls: How Far Can Immigration Help?&lt;i&gt;An Analysis of Declining Fertility, Increasingly Aging Populations, Population Support Ratios (PSR), and Ensuing Immigration Shortfalls for World Re…. <p dir="ltr">Fertility rates, especially in developed countries, are declining rapidly, and there is broad consensus that population size will also decline and age concurrently. This demographic shift is expected to produce a support crisis as the growing proportion of elderly individuals will place increasing demands on social and medical services. A solution often proposed is increased immigration, which can bolster the working-age…

Evidence: 55 • authority: 72

Since the 2010s, the fertility rate of the United States has declined below replacement level, prompting projections of an aging population and workforce, as is already happening elsewhere in the developed world and some developing countries. The decline has been most noticeable since after the Great Recession of the late 2000s. Nevertheless, the rate of aging in the United States remains slower than that seen in many other countries, including some developing ones, giving the nation a significant competitive advantage. Unintentional pregnancies have become less common; in particular, teenage pregnancies have dropped to record lows. During the 2010s and early 2020s, many Baby Boomers contin…

Evidence: 49 • authority: 88

High Religiosity and Societal Dysfunction in the United States during the First Decade of the Twenty-First Century. This study provides independent empirical evidence that bears upon the truth or falsity of recently formulated hypotheses regarding reciprocal relationships between levels of religiosity and societal dysfunction. Gregory S. Paul's findings, published in the Journal of Religion and Society (2005), Free Inquiry (2008), and Evolutionary Psychology (2009), have demonstrated that high degrees of theism are associated with high degrees of societal dysfunction among the prosperous democracies. Whereas his research employs numerous scatter diagrams and bivariate correlations involving…

Evidence: 49 • authority: 72

Generation Alpha, often shortened to Gen Alpha, is the demographic cohort succeeding Generation Z and preceding the proposed Generation Beta. While researchers and popular media loosely identify the early 2010s as the starting birth years and the mid 2020s as the ending birth years, these ranges are not precisely defined and may vary depending on the source. Named after alpha, the first letter of the Greek alphabet, Generation Alpha is the first to be born entirely in the 21st century and the third millennium. The majority of Generation Alpha are the children of younger Generation X, Millennials and older Generation Z. Generation Alpha is the first full generation not to have known a world…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Generation Z, often shortened to Gen Z and informally known as Zoomers, is the demographic cohort succeeding Millennials and preceding Generation Alpha. Researchers and popular media use the mid-to-late 1990s as starting birth years and the early 2010s as ending birth years, with the generation typically being defined as people born from 1997 to 2012. Most members of Generation Z are the children of younger Baby Boomers, Generation X and older Millennials, and it is predicted that many will be the parents of members of Generation Alpha and Generation Beta. As children in the mid-late 2000s and 2010s, Generation Z was the first social generation to grow up with Web 2.0 and digital technology…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 72

Millennials, also known as Generation Y or Gen Y, are the demographic cohort following Generation X and preceding Generation Z. Researchers and popular media use the early 1980s as starting birth years and the mid-1990s to early 2000s as ending birth years, with the generation typically being defined as people born from 1981 to 1996. Most millennials are the children of baby boomers and older Gen Xers, and are often the parents of younger Generation Z and Generation Alpha. As children in the late 1980s to 2000s, millennials saw the rise of the Information Age and Internet, being described by some as the first globalized generation. As adolescents and young adults in the late 1990s to 2010s,…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 72

With about 4% of the world's population, the United States is the third most populous country (after India and China), and the most populous in the Americas and the Western Hemisphere. Its estimated population was 341,784,857 on July 1, 2025, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Between 2024 and 2025, the country's population grew by 1.8 million, or 0.5%—a lower rate than the previous year due to a decline in net international migration. The Census Bureau had reported a population increase of 0.98% between 2023 and 2024, near the global population growth rate of 1.03%. These figures include the 50 states and the federal capital, Washington, D.C., but exclude the 3.6 million residents of fiv…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 80

Capitalism in the Second Decade of the Twenty-First Century: From the Golden Age to the Dark Ages

Evidence: 39 • authority: 92

Does public pension crowd out the participation of older adults in community volunteering? Evidence from China.. Background To address aging and its associated social risks, the World Health Organization proposed an "active aging" policy framework in 2002, highlighting "health, participation, and security" as the three pillars for enhancing quality of life in old age. Extensive research has shown that public pensions, as a state-implemented social security measure, can effectively improve the health and well-being of older adults. However, existing studies have not sufficiently examined the causal impact of public pensions on social participation among older adults, such as community volunt…