elektronika: Airbag

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

An airbag or supplemental inflatable restraint is a vehicle occupant-restraint system using a bag designed to inflate in milliseconds during a collision and then deflate afterwards. It consists of an airbag cushion, a flexible fabric bag, an inflation module, and an impact sensor. The purpose of the airbag is to provide a vehicle occupant with soft cushioning and restraint during a collision. It can reduce injuries between the flailing occupant and the vehicle's interior. The airbag provides an energy-absorbing surface between the vehicle's occupants and a steering wheel, instrument panel, body pillar, headliner, and windshield. Modern vehicles may contain up to ten airbag modules in variou…

Evidence: 77 • authority: 88

Occupant Injury Patterns in Crashes with Airbag Equipped Government Sponsored Cars. <div class="htmlview paragraph">In 1983, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) initiated two air hag vehicle fleet programs. The objective was to demonstrate that both original equipment and retrofit air bag systems operate in vehicles as intended. As of July 1, 1987, the two fleets together have accumulated over 200 million miles. Data are presented for 112 crashes involving air bag deployment in these government sponsored fleet vehicles in service between 1984 and July 1, 1987.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Of the 112 drivers involved in the crashes, 103 sustained either no inj…

Evidence: 53 • authority: 88

Occupant Injury Optimization for Non-Airbag Vehicles. <div class="htmlview paragraph">The Restraint System and interior design (seats, steering wheel, etc) are critical for Vehicle Occupant Injury performance. Assuming a given Vehicle pulse the restraints and interior design determine the dummy kinematics. Furthermore, some interior characteristics (shape, material, thickness, etc) have direct influence on Occupant's Body Energy Absorption. The paper describes a Non-airbag interior development to meet Head Impact Criteria (HIC) as per FMVSS208 Frontal Impact requirements. Several proposals were assessed by CAE and component and vehicle level testing on their influence on Occupant Kinematics…

Evidence: 53 • authority: 72

A seat belt or seatbelt, also known as a safety belt, is a vehicle safety device designed to secure the driver or a passenger of a vehicle against harmful movement that may result during a collision or a sudden stop. A seat belt reduces the likelihood of death or serious injury in a traffic collision by reducing the force of secondary impacts with interior strike hazards, by keeping occupants positioned correctly for maximum effectiveness of the airbag (if equipped), and by preventing occupants being ejected from the vehicle in a crash or if the vehicle rolls over. When in motion, the driver and passengers are traveling at the same speed as the vehicle. If the vehicle suddenly halts or cras…

Evidence: 53 • authority: 92

Not a firearm: A case report of a fatal penetrating pseudo-ballistic neck injury from defective airbag deployment.. Fatal injuries caused by defective airbag inflators are increasingly recognized as a distinct forensic and medicolegal issue. We describe the case of a 51-year-old male driver who was transported by emergency medical services following a low-speed frontal collision with a palm tree and was declared dead on arrival at the hospital. Review of surveillance footage showed that the driver abruptly swerved in an attempt to avoid a motorcyclist immediately before impact. Emergency services were alerted by witnesses, and police investigation documented limited frontal damage localized…

Evidence: — • authority: 88

Vehicle Occupant Crash Simulation Using Madymo Porsche Airbag 2d. <div class="htmlview paragraph">The Porsche airbag module is an extension of the Madymo 2d simulation program version 4.0. It generates contact forces between the airbag and the contact cylinders and/or contact planes of the dummy or the vehicle interior respectively. The passive restraint system is calculated by means of a three-dimensional model. The simulated airbag shape is a realistic approximation of the actual airbag and can be arbitrarily defined within a large range.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The results were validated by numerous crash-, sled-, component- and inflation tests using different vehicles and…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Influence of Autonomous Vehicle Interior Design on Occupant Injuries

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Characterizing occupant injuries in vehicle crashes with a deployed side airbag

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Source and prevention of fetal deaths in motor vehicle crashes.. Objective Fetal deaths were analyzed for how they occurred in motor vehicle crashes investigated by NHTSA (new research) and published findings were evaluated from side impact safety research (review of pertinent literature). The aim was to improve protection of the fetus and pregnant occupant. Methods Crashes involving fetal deaths were analyzed from the 2000-2015 NASS-CDS (National Automotive Sampling System-Crashworthiness Data System) and 2017-2022 CISS (Crash Investigation Sampling System). Each case was downloaded and summarized for the vehicle, pre-crash maneuvers, crash type, maternal seating position and injuries. Res…