Ciekawostka: It has been estimated that humans use only 10% of their brain

Evidence: 45 • authority: 92

US population-level model of clinical impact of lorlatinib treatment on ALK+ metastatic non-small cell lung cancer outcomes.. Aim: Lorlatinib and alectinib are next-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) approved for the treatment of ALK-positive (ALK+) advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after demonstrating superior efficacy over crizotinib (first-generation ALK TKI) in the CROWN and ALEX trials, respectively. This analysis estimated the US population-level clinical impact of first-line (1L) lorlatinib versus alectinib treatment for ALK+ advanced/metastatic NSCLC. Materials & methods: We developed a decision-analytic model comparing…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Brain Damage is a 1988 American comedy horror film written and directed by Frank Henenlotter. It stars Rick Hearst in his debut acting role as Brian, a young man who becomes acquainted with a talking parasite known as Aylmer (voiced by John Zacherle) that injects him with an addictive fluid that causes euphoric hallucinations; in return, Aylmer demands that Brian allow him to feed on the brains of other humans. Produced on a budget of under $2 million, Brain Damage is the second feature film directed by Henenlotter, following Basket Case (1982). Principal photography and filming on Brain Damage took place in Manhattan, New York City, in 1987. The film has been characterized as containing th…

Evidence: 35 • authority: 92

Corticosteroid Use and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Brain Abscess: A Target Trial Emulation.. Purpose Corticosteroids are sometimes administered to patients with severe brain edema associated with brain abscess. However, no studies have used methods that appropriately account for time-varying covariates and immortal time to evaluate the impact of intravenous corticosteroid use on in-hospital mortality. Therefore, we aimed to address these limitations and estimate the impact on in-hospital mortality using a target trial emulation framework. Methods We identified patients admitted with brain abscess, not caused by head trauma or neurosurgical interventions, from two large-scale hosp…

Evidence: 35 • authority: 80

Trump wants to use the Alien Enemies Act to deport immigrants – but the 18th-century law has been invoked only during times of war

Evidence: 35 • authority: 72

The size of the brain is a frequent topic of study within the fields of anatomy, biological anthropology, animal science and evolution. Measuring brain size and cranial capacity is relevant both to humans and other animals, and can be done by weight or volume via MRI scans, by skull volume, or by neuroimaging intelligence testing. The relationship between brain size and intelligence has been a controversial and frequently investigated question. In 2021 scientists from Stony Brook University and the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior published findings showing that the brain size to body size ratio of different species has changed over time in response to a variety of conditions and eve…

Evidence: 35 • authority: 72

Aging brain refers to biological and functional changes that occur in the brain as individuals advance in age. It encompasses both the normal alterations which are universally experienced and abnormalities induced by illnesses, diagnosed or not. The concept is most often used in relation to humans. Since life extension is only pertinent if accompanied by healthspan extension, and, more importantly, by preserving brain health and cognition, finding rejuvenating approaches that act simultaneously in peripheral tissues and in brain function is a key strategy in the development of rejuvenation technology. Aging is a major risk factor for most common neurodegenerative diseases, including mild co…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Estimating protein isoform abundances with [Formula: see text].. A single gene can encode multiple versions of a protein, dubbed isoforms, with varying functionality. Cellular control of isoform abundances is critical for multiple aspects of biology and is only partially regulated by transcript levels. While long-read sequencing facilitates transcript quantification, quantifying the resulting protein isoforms on a large scale is a major challenge, complicating biological interpretation of transcript alterations. Standard "bottom up" mass spectrometry can assess only short portions of isoforms called peptides, and these peptides often map onto more than one isoform. We introduce [Formula: se…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Monday’s medical myth: we only use 10% of our brain

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Do we really only use 10% of our brain?

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. It consists of nervous tissue and is typically located in the head (cephalization), usually near organs for special senses such as vision, hearing, and olfaction. Being the most specialized organ, it is responsible for receiving information from the sensory nervous system, processing that information (thought, cognition, and intelligence) and the coordination of motor control (muscle activity) and the endocrine system. While invertebrate brains arise from paired segmental ganglia (each of which is only responsible for the respective body segment) of the ventral nerve cord,…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Early modern human, or anatomically modern human, are terms used to distinguish Homo sapiens (the only extant Hominina species) that are anatomically consistent with the range of phenotypes seen in contemporary humans, from extinct archaic human species. This distinction is useful especially for times and regions where anatomically modern and archaic humans co-existed, for example, in Paleolithic Europe. Among the oldest known remains of Homo sapiens are those found at the Omo-Kibish I archaeological site in south-western Ethiopia, dating to about 233,000 to 196,000 years ago, the Florisbad Skull found at the Florisbad archaeological and paleontological site in South Africa, dating to about…

Evidence: — • authority: 35