energia: Artificial intelligence

Evidence: 81 • authority: 72

Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a hypothetical type of artificial intelligence that matches or surpasses human capabilities across virtually all cognitive tasks. Unlike artificial narrow intelligence (ANI), whose competence is confined to well‑defined tasks, an AGI system can generalise knowledge, transfer skills between domains, and solve novel problems without task‑specific reprogramming. Creating AGI is a stated goal of technology companies such as OpenAI, Google, SpaceXAI, and Meta. A 2020 survey identified 72 active AGI research and development projects across 37 countries. AGI is a common topic in science fiction and futures studies. Contention exists over whether AGI represe…

Evidence: 61 • authority: 88

Architects of the Intelligent Age: OpenAI, Google DeepMind, Anthropic, Nvidia, and Microsoft and Their Role in Shaping the Future of Artificial Intelligence. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most transformative technologies of the twenty-first century, reshaping economies, industries, and societies. The rapid development of large language models, multimodal systems, cloud infrastructures, and intelligent agents has elevated several organizations to the forefront of this technological revolution. Among them, OpenAI, Google DeepMind, Anthropic, NVIDIA, and Microsoft have established themselves as influential architects of the intelligent era through their distinctive con…

Evidence: 67 • authority: 88

Has OpenAI Achieved Artificial General Intelligence in ChatGPT?. In this paper, we present an analysis of ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, through the lens of Human-Centric Functional Modeling (HCFM). ChatGPT is designed to interact through a chat interface in a conversational manner, with the ability to answer follow-up questions, admit mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests. Since HCFM is hypothesized to provide a functional model for assessing the existence and magnitude of general problem-solving ability (intelligence), and since according to ChatGPT itself HCFM is the only such functional model in existence, the purpose of the paper is t…

Evidence: 56 • authority: 92

Navigating artificial general intelligence development: societal, technological, ethical, and brain-inspired pathways.. This study examines the imperative to align artificial general intelligence (AGI) development with societal, technological, ethical, and brain-inspired pathways to ensure its responsible integration into human systems. Using the PRISMA framework and BERTopic modeling, it identifies five key pathways shaping AGI's trajectory: (1) societal integration, addressing AGI's broader societal impacts, public adoption, and policy considerations; (2) technological advancement, exploring real-world applications, implementation challenges, and scalability; (3) explainability, enhancing…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 72

Recursive self-improvement (RSI) is a process in which an artificial intelligence (AI) system iteratively designs a more capable successor. This may trigger an intelligence explosion, potentially resulting in the creation of an artificial superintelligence. As of 2026, various RSI-related projects are ongoing and AI companies are increasingly using AI for coding and research, but some human work is still needed and may become a bottleneck. The development of RSI raises significant ethical and safety concerns, as such systems may evolve in unforeseen ways and could potentially surpass human control or understanding. Unexpected developments in summer 2026 raised new concerns about RSI, leadin…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 72

In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), alignment aims to steer AI systems toward a person's or group's intended goals, preferences, or ethical principles. An AI system is considered aligned if it advances the intended objectives. A misaligned AI system pursues unintended objectives. It is often difficult for AI designers to specify the full range of desired and undesired behaviors. Therefore, the designers often use simpler proxy goals, such as gaining human approval. But proxy goals can overlook necessary constraints or reward the AI system for merely appearing aligned. AI systems may also find loopholes that allow them to accomplish their proxy goals efficiently but in unintended,…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 80

OpenAI and the new commons tragedy of artificial general intelligence (AGI): A micro-constitutional approach to governing AGI

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

It has been hypothesized that substantial progress toward artificial superintelligence (ASI) will lead to human extinction or another irreversible global catastrophe. Debates center on whether AI can achieve the capabilities needed for human extinction, the speed of self-improvement, and the effectiveness of strategies to keep it aligned with human values. Controlling a superintelligent machine or instilling human-compatible values in it may be difficult. Many researchers believe a superintelligent machine would likely resist attempts to disable it or change its goals, as that would prevent it from accomplishing its present goals. It would be extremely challenging to align a superintelligen…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 92

The dawn of a new era: can machine learning and large language models reshape QSP modeling?. Quantitative Systems Pharmacology (QSP) has emerged as a cornerstone of modern drug development, providing a robust framework to integrate data from preclinical and clinical studies, enhance decision-making, and optimize therapeutic strategies. By modeling biological systems and drug interactions, QSP enables predictions of outcomes, optimization of dosing regimens, and personalized medicine applications. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) hold the potential to significantly transform QSP by enabling enhanced data extraction, fostering the development of hy…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 92

How to Design, Create, and Evaluate an Instruction-Tuning Dataset for Large Language Model Training in Health Care: Tutorial From a Clinical Perspective.. High-quality data are critical in health care, forming the cornerstone for accurate diagnoses, effective treatment plans, and reliable conclusions. Similarly, high-quality datasets underpin the development and performance of large language models (LLMs). Among these, instruction-tuning datasets (ITDs) used for instruction fine-tuning have been pivotal in enhancing LLM performance and generalization capabilities across diverse tasks. This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide to designing, creating, and evaluating ITDs for health care ap…

Evidence: 40 • authority: 72

In the AI safety field, P(doom) is the probability of existentially catastrophic outcomes (so-called "doomsday scenarios") as a result of artificial intelligence. The exact outcomes in question differ from one prediction to another, but generally allude to the existential risk from artificial intelligence. Economic analyses show that even small existential risks due to AI would justify substantial investments in AI safety and alignment research. The term was initially used as a shorthand for communication in the rationalist community (presumably first used by programmer Tim Tyler in a 2009 comment on LessWrong) and among AI researchers. It came to prominence in 2023 following the release of…

Evidence: 40 • authority: 92

GPT is all you need.. The advent of Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) models, exemplified by systems like ChatGPT, has begun to reshape how humans think, learn, and interact. This paper explores GPT's role as a cognitive scaffold, supporting structured thinking, conversational agility, emotional regulation, and interdisciplinary learning. Grounded in established psychological frameworks-Cognitive Load Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, and Zone of Proximal Development-this work proposes theoretical mechanisms through which GPT may influence cognition, including neuroplasticity, meta-cognition, and implicit learning. While these claims remain speculative, the paper outlines future resea…