jedzenie: Cruelty to animals

Evidence: 56 • authority: 72

The Rights of Animals, and Man's Obligation to Treat Them with Humanity is an 1838 book by the Irish Unitarian minister and writer William Hamilton Drummond. It originated as an essay submitted to a prize competition organised by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), but was excluded because it arrived after the deadline. Drummond subsequently expanded the essay for publication, incorporating material from an earlier sermon on the treatment of animals. Drummond argues for animal rights and maintains that humans have a Christian duty to treat animals humanely. He describes human dominion over animals as a "delegated trust" for which people are accountable to God. Altho…

Evidence: 55 • authority: 92

Evidence: 49 • authority: 72

In Colorado, backers of a proposed 2022 ballot initiative are collecting signatures to stop “sexual acts on animals” and revamp animal cruelty statutes. The proposed initiative was given the go-ahead in March, 2021 to collect signatures of registered voters, to qualify the initiative to appear on the ballot. The initiative petitions will be due on October 18, 2021. If it is found that the petitions were signed by at least 124,632 registered Colorado voters, the initiative will be placed on Colorado's November 8, 2022 general election ballot. The initiative is self-named, within its text, as the Protect Animals from Unnecessary Suffering and Exploitation initiative. Its current numerical des…

Evidence: 49 • authority: 72

Wild animal suffering refers to the suffering experienced by wild animals from causes such as disease, injury, parasitism, starvation, dehydration, extreme weather, natural disasters, predation, and psychological stress. The subject encompasses the extent and severity of these harms, their moral significance, and whether humans have obligations to prevent or alleviate them. The extent of suffering among wild animals is difficult to determine. Some writers argue that natural selection, high reproductive rates, and high juvenile mortality expose large numbers of animals to suffering and early death. Others caution that mortality and population dynamics alone cannot establish whether wild anim…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 92

Animal models in venom and antivenom research: The need to align academic discovery with manufacturing and regulatory expectations.. The study of snake venom toxicity and evaluation of the neutralisation ability of antivenoms and novel therapeutic agents for envenoming has largely relied on animal tests, especially the analysis of the lethal activity of venoms and its neutralisation. In addition, other animal-based assays are used to assess pathology-specific effects of venoms. Despite their demonstrated value, these assays have several limitations. They involve acute stress and pain in animals, and their validity, vis-à-vis the characteristics of human snakebite envenoming, is limited owin…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Animal euthanasia (from Ancient Greek: εὐθανασία, lit. 'good death') is the act of killing a nonhuman animal humanely, most commonly with injectable drugs. Euthanasia methods are designed to cause minimal pain and distress. Animal euthanasia is distinct from animal slaughter. Euthanasia is often used to end an animal's suffering from terminal, incurable (and especially painful) conditions or diseases, when there is a lack of resources to continue supporting the animal, or at the end of laboratory test procedures. For domesticated animals, the discussion of animal euthanasia is often substituted with euphemisms, such as "put down" or "put to sleep".

Evidence: 39 • authority: 92

How ignoring the harm of killing undermines the ethical legitimacy of animal research: a case study from Switzerland.. The most established approach to legitimizing animal research worldwide is through Harm-Benefit Analyses (HBAs), which require that the expected benefits of research be compared to and outweigh the harms done to animals. For this process to be ethically sound, all relevant harms must be considered. However, HBAs leave one fundamental harm insufficiently considered: killing, i.e., the deliberate termination of animals' lives as part of the research project. This article argues that the law's ignorance of the harm of killing leads to its trivialization in practice and, conseq…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 92

Evidence: 39 • authority: 92

The implementation of European animal welfare standards in Turkish animal protection legislation and case law.. Introduction In this study, by examining the compatibility of Turkish legislation with the European convention on animal welfare through quantitative analysis and case law, the purpose is to fill a significant gap in the literature. Methods The study employs a mixed-method approach encompassing quantitative legislative evaluation, case law review, and a strategic SWOT analysis. The compatibility of national laws with the Convention was quantitatively measured. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of 250 Supreme Court decisions was systematically conducted to assess the practical…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 72

Cruelty to animals, also called animal abuse, animal neglect or animal cruelty, is the infliction of suffering or harm by humans upon animals, either by omission (neglect) or by commission. More narrowly, it can be the causing of harm or suffering for specific achievements, such as the inhumane killing of animals for food or the killing of animals for entertainment; cruelty to animals is sometimes due to a mental disorder, referred to as zoosadism. Divergent approaches to laws concerning animal cruelty occur in different jurisdictions throughout the world. For example, some laws govern methods of killing animals for food, clothing, or other products, and other laws concern the keeping of an…

Evidence: 37 • authority: 80

ENDING UNNECESSARY SUFFERING leer pdf

Evidence: 37 • authority: 80

6 Unnecessary Suffering and Alternatives to Animal Experiments