historia: Vietnamese language

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Vietnamese (tiếng Việt) is an Austroasiatic language primarily spoken throughout Vietnam where it is the official language. It belongs to the Vietic subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family. Vietnamese is spoken natively by around 86 million people, and as a second language by 11 million people, several times as many as the rest of the Austroasiatic family combined. It is the native language of the Viet people and functions as the second or first language for other ethnicities in Vietnam; it is also used by the Vietnamese diaspora worldwide. Like many languages in Southeast Asia and East Asia, Vietnamese is an isolating language (highly analytic) and is tonal. Structurally, Vietnamese…

Evidence: 88 • authority: 72

The Viet people (Vietnamese: người Việt), also known in Vietnam as the Kinh people (Vietnamese: người Kinh, to distinguish from other ethnicities) are a Southeast Asian ethnicity native to modern-day northern Vietnam, who expanded southwards in the last millennium. They speak Vietnamese, the most widely used Austroasiatic language, and are one of the four main Vietic-speaking groups in Vietnam, the others being the Mường, Thổ, and Chứt. The Viet accounted for 85.32% of Vietnam's population in the 2019 census and are officially designated as the Kinh people to distinguish them from minority groups in the country, such as the Mường, Tày, Hmong, and Cham. Diasporic descendants of the Kinh in G…

Evidence: 70 • authority: 72

Burmese is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Myanmar, where it is the official language, lingua franca, and the native language of the Bamar, the country's largest ethnic group. The Constitution of Myanmar officially refers to it as the Myanmar language in English, though most English speakers continue to refer to the language as Burmese, after Burma—a name with co-official status until 1989 (see Names of Myanmar). Burmese is the most widely spoken language in the country. In 2019, Burmese was spoken by 42.9 million people globally, including by 32.9 million speakers as a first language and 10 million as a second language. A 2023 World Bank survey found that 80% of the country's population…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 88

Native language phonological and phonetic influences on second language perception of Vietnamese tones. This study examines first language (L1) phonological and phonetic influences on the perception of Vietnamese tones by Mandarin speakers learning Vietnamese as a second language (L2) in light of the Perceptual Assimilation Model. Participants were divided into two groups according to their length of classroom instruction, i.e. beginning (two months) and experienced (two years) learners. They first discriminated 15 Vietnamese tone contrasts and then mapped six Vietnamese tones onto their L1 Mandarin tone categories. The manner in which a Vietnamese tone contrast was mapped onto L1 categorie…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 88

Classifiers in the Vietnamese language: functions and peculiarities of use. The article is devoted to such an unusual for the Russian language linguistic category as a classifier, questions about the nature, essence and role of which cause discussions both among Vietnamese linguists and Russian scholars dealing with the Vietnamese language. Taking into account the grammatical and semantic features of classifiers in the Vietnamese language, the author has made an attempt to systematize their functions. The usage of classifiers in a sentence is also considered. It is concluded that the adequate use of the classifier is not only a linguistic issue, but also a cultural and psychological one, si…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 88

The Mechanisms of Language Game in the Vietnamese Language. The article is devoted to the study of the specifics and mechanisms of language play in the Vietnamese language. The language game is found in traditional Kazao folk couplets, in paired inscriptions, riddles, poetry, as well as in the texts and headlines of modern media, advertising, colloquial speech, and Internet communications. The following basic means and techniques of language play in the Vietnamese language are highlighted: the use of various types of homonymy; creating inversion puns (inversion of constituent components, rearrangement of tones, rearrangement of rhyme, rearrangement of initials, rearrangement of initials and…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 72

Language shift, also known as language transfer, language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a speech community shifts to a different language, usually over an extended period of time. Often, languages that are perceived to be of higher-status stabilize or spread at the expense of other languages that are perceived—even by their own speakers—to have lower status. An example is the shift from Gaulish to Latin during the time of the Roman Empire. Language assimilation may operate alongside other aspects of cultural assimilation when different cultures meet and merge.