lotnictwo: Four-engined jet aircraft

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

A four-engined jet, sometimes called a quadjet, is a jet aircraft powered by four engines. The presence of four engines offers increased power and redundancy, allowing such aircraft to be used as airliners, freighters, and military aircraft. Many of the first purpose-built jet airliners had four engines, among which stands the de Havilland Comet, the world's first commercial jetliner. In the decades following their introduction, their use has gradually declined due to a variety of factors, including ETOPS rules approving twin-engine jets to fly farther from diversion airports as reliability increased, and an increased emphasis on fuel efficiency.

Evidence: 51 • authority: 72

This article outlines the important developments in the history of the development of the air-breathing (duct) jet engine. Although the most common type, the gas turbine powered jet engine, was certainly a 20th-century invention, many of the needed advances in theory and technology leading to this invention were made well before this time. The jet engine was clearly an idea whose time had come. Frank Whittle submitted his first patent in 1930. By the late 1930s there were six teams chasing development, three in Germany, two in the UK and one in Hungary. By 1942 they had been joined by another half dozen British companies, three more in the United States based on British technology, and earl…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 80

The meteorological requirements for the operation of turbo‐jet civil airliners (based on early experience with the De Havilland Comet)

Evidence: 44 • authority: 88

First of Powerful New Jet Engines Completed. WITH the final turn of a torque wrench, Pratt & Whitney officially completed one of the most powerful jet engines ever built for commercial aviation.

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Avro Canada C102 Jetliner was a Canadian prototype medium-range turbojet-powered jet airliner designed and built by Avro Canada. Its name, "Jetliner", was chosen as a shortening of the term "jet airliner", a term which is still in popular usage for jet-powered passenger aircraft. The origins of the Jetliner can be traced back to Rolls-Royce's development of the Rolls-Royce Avon (an early turbojet engine) and interest at Trans-Canada Airlines (TCA) in the operation of a jet-powered airliner. During April 1946, a requirement for a twin-engined airliner, capable of seating at least 36 passengers and a range of 1,200 miles (1,900 km), was finalised. Avro Canada commenced work under a fixed-…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The de Havilland DH.98 Mosquito was a British twin-engined, multi-role combat aircraft, introduced during the Second World War. Unusual in that its airframe was constructed mostly of wood, it was nicknamed the "Wooden Wonder", or "Mossie". In 1941, it was one of the fastest operational aircraft in the world. Originally conceived as an unarmed fast bomber, the Mosquito's use evolved during the war into many roles, including low- to medium-altitude daytime tactical bomber, high-altitude night bomber, pathfinder, day or night fighter, fighter-bomber, intruder, maritime strike, and photo-reconnaissance aircraft. It was also used by the British Overseas Airways Corporation as a fast transport to…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The de Havilland DH.106 Comet is a four-engine narrow body aircraft developed and manufactured by de Havilland in the United Kingdom. The world's first commercial jet airliner, the Comet 1 prototype first flew in 1949. It features an aerodynamically clean design with four de Havilland Ghost turbojet engines located in the wing roots, a pressurised cabin, and large windows. For the era, it offered a relatively quiet, comfortable passenger cabin and was commercially promising at its debut in 1952. Within a year of the airliner's entry into service, three Comets were lost in highly publicised accidents after suffering catastrophic mishaps mid-flight. Two of these were found to be caused by str…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Embraer E-Jet family is a series of four-abreast, narrow-body, short- to medium-range, twin-engined regional jet airliners designed and produced by Brazilian aerospace manufacturer Embraer. The E-Jet was designed to complement Embraer's earlier ERJ family, the company's first jet-powered regional aircraft. With a capacity of 66 to 124 passengers, the E-Jets were significantly larger than any aircraft Embraer had developed before that time. The project was unveiled in early 1997 and formally introduced at the 1999 Paris Air Show. On 19 February 2002, the first E-Jet prototype completed its maiden flight, and production began later that year. The first E170 was delivered to LOT Polish Air…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

A trijet is a jet aircraft powered by three jet engines. In general, passenger airline trijets are considered to be second-generation jet airliners, due to their innovative engine locations, in addition to the advancement of turbofan technology. Trijets are more efficient than quadjets, but not as efficient as twinjets, which replaced trijets as larger and more reliable turbofan engines became available.

Evidence: — • authority: 72

A jet airliner or jetliner is a commercial fixed-wing aircraft (i.e. an airliner) propelled by jet engines. Jetliners can be used for both passengers and air freight, and are commonly classified as either the large wide-body aircraft, the medium narrow-body aircraft and the smaller regional jet. Jetliners usually have two or four wing-mounted jet engines; three-engined designs, with an additional engine at the empennage, were popular in the 1970s but became less common afterwards. Most modern airlines (with the exception of rural regional airlines) have supplanted propeller aircraft with large jet aircraft because jets can carry much larger payloads and are capable of operating at much high…

Evidence: — • authority: 88

Planning and Production Methods used in the Construction of the de Havilland Comet. The 825th lecture to be read before the Royal Aeronautical Society, “ Planning ami Production Methods Used in the Construction of the de Havilland Comet,” by H. Povey, A.F.R.Ae.S., was given at the Institution of Civil Engineers, Great George Street, London, S.W.I, on Thursday 12th April 1951. Major G. P. Bulman, the President of the Society, presided. Opening the meeting the President said they met that evening in the shadow of a grevious loss sustained by aviation throughout the world, and by the Society, in the unexpected death of Mr. W. G. A. Perring on 8th April through heart failure. The shock to those…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

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