rośliny-i-grzyby: Tyrannosauridae

Evidence: 80 • authority: 72

Tyrannosaurus () is a genus of large theropod dinosaur. The type species Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning 'king' in Latin), often shortened to T. rex or colloquially T-Rex, is one of the best represented theropods. It lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. Tyrannosaurus had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in geological formations which have been dated to the late Maastrichtian age of the late Cretaceous period, 69 to 66 million years ago, with isolated specimens possibly indicating an earlier origin in the middle Campanian age. It was one of the last known members of the tyrannosaurids and am…

Evidence: 30 • authority: 92

A large tyrannosaurid from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of North America.. The Tyrannosauridae emerged as the dominant large predators in Laurasia during the Late Cretaceous. Their evolution in North America culminated with the replacement of Albertosaurinae, Daspletosaurinae, and Teratophonei, with masses of 2-3 tonnes, by the giant Tyrannosaurus in the late Maastrichtian, with a mass approaching or exceeding 10 tonnes. The origin of Tyrannosaurus remains enigmatic, but fossils suggest an origin in the Campanian-Maastrichtian of southern Laramidia. Here we describe an unusually large and robust tyrannosaurid tibia from the late Campanian aged Hunter Wash Member of the Kirtland Formation…

Evidence: 30 • authority: 92

Prolonged growth and extended subadult development in the <i>Tyrannosaurus rex</i> species complex revealed by expanded histological sampling and statistical modeling.. Background Tyrannosaurus rex , one of the most iconic non-avialan dinosaurs, remains a central focus of paleobiological research. Growth modeling suggests T. rex exceeded 8,000 kg within two decades and had a lifespan approaching 30 years. However, this understanding of T. rex growth dynamics is dependent on single-point histological sampling of multiple skeletal elements and lacks specimens encompassing the earliest growth states. Methods We present the most comprehensive histological analysis of Tyrannosaurus o…

Evidence: 30 • authority: 72

Sue (stylized: SUE), officially designated FMNH PR 2081, is one of the largest, most extensive, and best preserved Tyrannosaurus rex fossils ever found, at over 90% recovered by bulk. FMNH PR 2081 was discovered on August 12, 1990, by American explorer and fossil collector Sue Hendrickson, after whom it is named. After ownership disputes were settled, Sue was auctioned in October 1997 for US$8.3 million (equivalent to about $17 million in 2025), at that time the highest price ever paid for a fossil, and still among the highest prices paid for a dinosaur skeleton. Sue is now a permanent feature at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, Illinois.

Evidence: 24 • authority: 72

Scotty is the nickname for the Tyrannosaurus rex fossil, catalogued as RSM P2523.8, that was discovered in Saskatchewan, Canada in 1991. The fossilised remains were painstakingly removed, almost completely by hand, over two decades from the rock in which they were embedded. When the preparation was complete in 2011, an around 65% complete T. rex skeleton was revealed. Since its discovery and extensive subsequent study, Scotty has been referred to as the largest T. rex ever discovered in the world, the largest of any dinosaur discovered in Canada, and as one of the oldest and most complete fossils of its kind at more than 70% bulk. Scotty resides at the Royal Saskatchewan Museum's T. rex Dis…

Evidence: 24 • authority: 80

Correction to “Estimation of maximum body size in fossil species: A case study using <i>Tyrannosaurus rex</i> ”

Evidence: 24 • authority: 80

Tyrannosaurus rex: An endangered species

Evidence: 24 • authority: 80

Tyrannosaurus rex should be split into three species, controversial study suggests

Evidence: 24 • authority: 92

Hatchlings of &lt;i&gt;Tyrannosaurus rex&lt;/i&gt; and the Evolution of Dinosaur Reproductive Strategies.. Tyrannosaurs were giant predatory dinosaurs that occupied the apex of Late Cretaceous food chains. Little is known about the early life and reproductive ecology of tyrannosaurs due to the extreme rarity of hatchling and juvenile fossils. We report bones of hatchlings ( Tyrannosaurus rex and Gorgosaurus libratus , weighing ~2.5 kg and ~2.4 kg, respectively, i.e., T . rex versus ~30 eggs in the largest T . rex , and clutches of ~15 eggs in G . libratus ; larger clutches of 50 or even 100 eggs are not impossible. This suggests an r -selected reproductive strategy. Synchrotron scans reveal…

Evidence: 24 • authority: 72

The largest extant animal, as well as the largest animal to ever exist, is the blue whale. The maximum recorded weight was 190 tonnes for a specimen measuring 27.6 metres (91 ft), whereas longer ones, up to 33.6 metres (110 ft), have been recorded but not weighed. It is estimated that this individual could have a mass of 250 tonnes or more. The longest non-colonial animal is the lion's mane jellyfish (120 ft, 36.6 m). While controversial, estimates for the weight of the sauropod Bruhathkayosaurus suggest it was around 110–170 tons, with the highest estimate being 240 tons, if scaled with Patagotitan, although actual fossil remains no longer exist, and that estimation is based on described d…

Evidence: — • authority: 65