codzienność: Rudolf Steiner

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Rudolf Joseph Lorenz Steiner (German: [ˈʃtaɪnɐ]; 27 or 25 February 1861 – 30 March 1925) was an Austrian New Age guru, philosopher, occultist, social reformer, architect, esotericist, and claimed clairvoyant and speaker with the dead. Steiner gained initial recognition at the end of the nineteenth century as a literary critic and published works including The Philosophy of Freedom. At the beginning of the twentieth century he founded an esoteric spiritual movement, anthroposophy, with roots in German idealist philosophy and theosophy. His teachings are influenced by (Christian) Gnosticism or neognosticism. Many of his ideas are pseudoscientific. He was also prone to pseudohistory. In the fi…

Evidence: 58 • authority: 72

Anthroposophy is a spiritual new religious movement that was founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist Rudolf Steiner that postulates the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world, accessible to human experience. Followers of anthroposophy aim to engage in spiritual discovery through a mode of thought independent of sensory experience. Though proponents say that they present their ideas in a manner that is verifiable by rational discourse and say that they seek precision and clarity comparable to that obtained by scientists investigating the physical world, many of these ideas have been termed pseudoscientific by experts in epistemology and debunker…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 72

Anthroposophic medicine (or anthroposophical medicine) is a form of alternative medicine based on pseudoscientific and occult notions. Devised in the 1920s by Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925) in conjunction with Ita Wegman (1876–1943), anthroposophical medicine draws on Steiner's spiritual philosophy, which he called anthroposophy. Practitioners employ a variety of treatment techniques based upon anthroposophic precepts, including massage, exercise, counselling, and administration of substances. Many drug preparations used in anthroposophic medicine are ultra-diluted, similar to those used in homeopathy. Homeopathic remedies are not medically effective and are generally considered harmless, excep…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 72

The history of the relationship between Rudolf Steiner and the Theosophical Society, rather complex and changing, has assumed relevance for the events that led to their separation and to the development of divergent doctrines and spiritual paths. In 1899 Steiner joined the German Theosophical section, becoming its leader a few years later, but from the beginning he based his doctrine on the centrality of the figure of Jesus Christ, who in Theosophy was instead only one of many ascended masters. After Steiner noted a progressive decline towards forms of fanaticism and spiritism, which for him reached their peak when some Theosophists affirmed the reincarnation of Christ in a Hindu personalit…

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Emotional literacy and levels of consciousness in bio-psycho-social-spiritual-ecological (5D) model of human experience.. The efficacy of emotion regulation, critical for psychological wellbeing and a transdiagnostic approach to treating mental health, is tightly related to a broader emotional literacy construct. Both concepts are inseparably intertwined with a conceptual framework of emotions, but a generally accepted theory is still missing. This article presents the circular emotional reaction (CER) model by Zoran Milivojevic as a comprehensive framework of emotion psychology and psychopathology that aligns with the latest scientific findings. It further elaborates on the framework by in…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

'More evolved than you': Evolutionary spirituality as a cultural frame for psychedelic experiences.. One of the dominant cultural frames for psychedelics in western culture over last 130 years has been evolutionary spirituality. This tradition suggests human evolution is not finished and can be guided towards the creation of higher beings through such techniques as psychedelics and eugenics or genetic modification. But is everyone evolving into a new species, or just an elite? This essay defines the tradition of evolutionary spirituality and points to five of the ethical limitations of the tradition - its tendency to spiritual narcissism, contempt for the less-evolved masses, Social Darwini…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Understanding organisms by intuiting life: Kant, Goethe, and Steiner.. This paper investigates the enduring philosophical challenge of how a living organism may be understood, through the epistemological perspectives of Immanuel Kant, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and Rudolf Steiner. Kant's analysis of the necessity of judging organisms as purposive and self-generating wholes is presented as foundational to any systematic account, insofar as it addresses the very conditions under which an organism can become an object of cognition. However, due to Kant's strict separation of sensory intuition from conceptual understanding, he regarded purposive self-generation as merely heuristic, lacking cau…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

The epistemological foundations of organicism: a reconstruction of Steiner's Grundlinien einer Erkenntnistheorie der Goetheschen Weltanschauung (1886).. Rudolf Steiner's Grundlinien einer Erkenntnistheorie der Goetheschen Weltanschauung (Outline of an Epistemology of Goethe's Worldview, 1886) seeks to articulate the epistemological foundations of Goethe's scientific method. Here I reconstruct the book with a particular focus on the cognition of organisms and read it in systematic relation to Kant, whose analysis of teleological judgment provides the clearest foil for Steiner's project. The guiding question is under what epistemic conditions living beings can become objects of genuine knowle…