starożytność: Kepler space telescope

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The Kepler space telescope was a space telescope launched by NASA in 2009 to discover Earth-sized planets orbiting other stars. Named after astronomer Johannes Kepler (who, ironically, was convinced that planetary systems did not exist around any of the stars) the spacecraft was launched into an Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit. The principal investigator was William J. Borucki. After nine and a half years of operation, the telescope's reaction control system fuel was depleted, and NASA announced its retirement on October 30, 2018. Designed to survey a portion of Earth's region of the Milky Way to discover Earth-size exoplanets in or near habitable zones and to estimate how many of the bil…

Evidence: 69 • authority: 72

TRAPPIST-1 (also known as 2MASS J23062928−0502285 or SPECULOOS-1) is a red dwarf star with seven known exoplanets. It lies in the constellation Aquarius approximately 40.66 light-years (12.47 pc) away from Earth. An ultra-cool dwarf, it has a surface temperature of about 2,566 K (2,290 °C; 4,160 °F). Its radius is slightly larger than Jupiter's and it has a mass of about 9% of the Sun. It is estimated to be 7.6 billion years old, making it older than the Solar System. The discovery of the star was first published in 2000. Observations in 2016 from TRAPPIST–South (Transiting Planets and Planetesimals Small Telescope project) at La Silla Observatory in Chile and other telescopes led to the di…

Evidence: 59 • authority: 72

The Solar System is the gravitationally bound system of the Sun and the masses that orbit it, most prominently its eight planets, of which Earth is one. The Solar System is an isolated single-star planetary system (not part of a larger star system) within the Milky Way Galaxy. The system formed about 4.6 billion years ago when a dense region of a molecular cloud collapsed, creating the Sun and a protoplanetary disc from which the orbiting bodies assembled. The Sun accounts for 99.86% of the Solar System's total mass. Inside the Sun's core, hydrogen is fused into helium, releasing energy that is emitted through the Sun's photosphere. This creates the heliosphere and a decreasing temperature…

Evidence: 49 • authority: 88

Utilization of a meteorological satellite as a space telescope: the lunar mid-infrared spectrum as seen by Himawari-8. Abstract The Japanese meteorological satellite Himawari-8 has captured the Earth’s atmosphere and stars, planets, and the Moon in its field of view, enabling us to capture their spectroscopy with 16 bands from visible to mid-infrared wavelengths. The nine infrared bands in the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) onboard Himawari-8 are unique in spaceborne observations and are potentially useful for lunar science. In addition, infrared bands of AHI cover wavelengths similar to those of other interplanetary instruments and thus are useful for calibrations. However, infrared AHI da…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Habitability of yellow dwarf systems defines the suitability for life of exoplanets belonging to yellow dwarf stars. These systems are the object of study among the scientific community because they are considered the most suitable for harboring living organisms, together with those belonging to K-type stars. Yellow dwarfs comprise the G-type stars of the main sequence, with masses between 0.9 and 1.1 M☉ and surface temperatures between 5000 and 6000 K, like the Sun. They are the third most common in the Milky Way Galaxy and the only ones in which the habitable zone coincides completely with the ultraviolet habitable zone. Since the habitable zone is farther away in more massive and luminou…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

In astronomy and astrobiology, the habitable zone (HZ), also known as the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ), or as the Goldilocks zone, is the range of orbits around a star within which a planetary surface could potentially support liquid water. Liquid water is considered by many scientists as necessary for a planet to be habitable. The range depends upon the brightness of the star interacting with a planet's atmosphere. At the inner edge the star's light, trapped by greenhouse gases in a planet's atmosphere, boils off the planet's water. At the outer edge light from the star is insufficient even with help from atmospheric gas and the planet's water freezes. Many other factors are added in…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Kepler-62e (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-701.03) is a super-Earth exoplanet (extrasolar planet) discovered orbiting within the habitable zone of Kepler-62, the second outermost of five such planets discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. Kepler-62e is located about 990 light-years (300 parsecs) from Earth in the constellation of Lyra. The exoplanet was found using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. Kepler-62e may be a terrestrial or ocean-covered planet; it lies in the inner part of its host star's habitable zone. Kepler-62e orbits its host star every 122 days and is roughly 60 p…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Kepler-62f (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-701.04) is a super-Earth exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the orange dwarf star Kepler-62, the outermost of five such planets discovered around the star by NASA's Kepler space telescope. It is located about 982 light-years (301 parsecs) from Earth in the constellation of Lyra. Kepler-62f orbits its parent star at a distance of 0.718 AU (107,400,000 km; 66,700,000 mi) from its host star with an orbital period of roughly 267 days, and has a radius of around 1.41 times that of Earth. It is one of the more promising candidates for potential habitability, as its parent star is a relatively quiet star, and has…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Kepler-452b (sometimes quoted to be an Earth 2.0 or Earth's Cousin based on its characteristics; also known by its Kepler object of interest designation KOI-7016.01) is a disputed super-Earth exoplanet candidate. Initial reports claim it is orbiting within the inner edge of the habitable zone of the sun-like star Kepler-452 and is the only planet in the system discovered by the Kepler space telescope. It is located about 1,800 light-years (550 pc) from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. Two subsequent reports refuted the claim but additional work has reestablished the claim. Kepler-452b orbits its star at a distance of 1.04 AU (156 million km; 97 million mi) from its host star (nearly th…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Kepler-69c (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-172.02) is a confirmed super-Earth exoplanet, likely rocky, orbiting the Sun-like star Kepler-69, the outermore of two such planets discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. It is located about 2,430 light-years (746 parsecs) from Earth. Kepler-69c orbits its star at a distance of 0.75 AU (112,000,000 km; 70,000,000 mi) from its host star with an orbital period of roughly 242.46 days, has a mass at least 2.14 times that of Earth, and has a radius of around 2.2 times that of Earth. Initial findings found that it could possibly be habitable, however updated analysis shows that Kepler-69c resides in the inner edge of the hab…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Kepler-186f (also known by its Kepler object of interest designation KOI-571.05) is a candidate Earth-sized exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the red dwarf star Kepler-186, the outermost of five planets discovered around the star by NASA's Kepler space telescope. It is located about 580 light-years (180 parsecs) from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. Kepler-186f orbits its star at a distance of about 0.43 AU (64,000,000 km; 40,000,000 mi) from its host star with an orbital period of roughly 130 days, and a radius around 1.17 times that of Earth. As one of the more promising candidates for habitability, it was the first planet with a radius similar to Earth's to be discover…