ryby-i-owoce-morza: Healthy diet

Evidence: 61 • authority: 72

As in the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct. Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes including soya, nuts, vegetable oils, as well as any other non-animal based foods. The omnivorous domestic dog was originally primarily a carnivore but has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates, fat, and fiber and remain healthy on a diet lower in protein. A systematic review of studies from 2023 found no evidence of detrimental effects of vegetarian diets for dogs; however, the authors pointed out studies tended to have a sm…

Evidence: 61 • authority: 92

Plant-Based Diets in Adolescence: Cardiometabolic Benefits, Developmental Risks, and the Role of Fortification.. Adolescence is a critical window in which dietary patterns stabilise while nutrient requirements remain high to support growth, bone accrual, and neurodevelopment. Plant-based diets are increasingly adopted by young people, yet paediatric evidence indicates that they should not be treated as a single exposure, because diet quality substantially modifies both benefits and risks. Healthy plant-based patterns-rich in whole grains, legumes, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and unsaturated fats-are associated with more favourable blood pressure, glycaemia, lipids, adiposity, and insulin sens…

Evidence: 61 • authority: 72

Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin or extrinsic factor, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism. It is one of B vitamins. It plays an essential role in the nervous system by supporting myelin synthesis. It is needed for DNA synthesis and for the maturation of red blood cells in the bone marrow. It serves also as a vital cofactor in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. As humans cannot make it, it is required in the diet, making it an essential nutrient. Animals require B12 but plants do not, relying instead on alternative enzymatic pathways. Vitamin B12 is the most chemically complex of all vitamins, and is synthesized exclusively by certain archaea and bacteria. Natural f…

Evidence: 61 • authority: 92

Highly informed, yet undersupported: dietary supplement use, information sources, and perceived risks among pregnant vegans in German-speaking regions-findings from the VedieS study.. Background Vegan diets during pregnancy are commonly discussed regarding nutritional risks, often without differentiating between heterogeneous vegan populations. Empirical evidence on clearly defined subgroups who maintain a vegan diet throughout pregnancy remains scarce. Objectives This study characterized a highly selected subgroup of pregnant women adhering to a vegan diet, focusing on supplement use, information sources, counseling experiences, and perceived risks of micronutrient deficiency and overdosin…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 72

Vitamin B12 deficiency, also known as cobalamin deficiency, is the medical condition in which the blood and tissues have a lower than normal level of vitamin B12. Mild deficiencies may have few or absent symptoms. In moderate deficiencies, feeling tired, feeling faint, mouth ulcers, rapid breathing, upset stomach, pallor, hair loss, decreased ability to think and joint pain and the beginning of neurological symptoms, including abnormal sensations such as, numbness and tingling, and tinnitus may occur. Severe deficiencies may include symptoms of reduced heart function, suppression of bone marrow, as well as more various severe neurological symptoms possibly including sensory loss, abnormal b…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 92

Nutrient and Discretionary Food Intake in Vegan Adult Australians: A Cross-Sectional Study.. Interest in plant-based diets, including vegan diets is increasing. Yet, there has been limited assessment of the dietary intake of contemporary vegans in Australia. Sixty-six adult Australian vegans completed a four-day, semi-weighed food diary on two occasions. Intake from diet and supplements and diet alone was compared to the Australian Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs) for selected nutrients. Risk of micronutrient inadequacy was assessed using the cut-point method, with comparison to the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or Adequate Intake (AI). The contribution of Discretionary Food (DF) inta…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 80

OC180 - Assessment of vitamin B12 status among women of childbearing age in the UK following vegan and vegetarian diets: results from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS).

Evidence: 48 • authority: 88

Vegan diet as a possible cause of mental and physical disorders due to vitamin B12 deficiency in an adolescent patient. Introduction Recent studies show that a vegan diet causes a deficiency of vitamins (especially B12) and minerals. This can lead to severe physical and mental illnesses. On the other hand, the vegan diet is recommended as a preventative measure against cardiovascular diseases and is a growing trend among young people in developed countries for ideological reasons such as animal welfare and climate protection. Objectives To show the importance of anamnesis of nutrition and vitamin B12 status in treatment of varied mental and physical symptoms in an adolescent. Methods The po…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 92

Severe Methylmalonic Acidemia Precipitated by Dietary B12 Deficiency in Vegan Toddler.. A previously healthy 19-month-old female presented after her family found her upon awakening to be sleepy, uninterested in eating, and lethargic. On arrival, blood gas showed profound metabolic acidosis with normal lactate that did not improve with normalization of glucose and sodium. Her acidosis continued to worsen, so a broad workup was initiated, considering ingestions, DKA, and inborn errors of metabolism. In collecting further history, the patient's nutrition history included a combination of breastfeeding and a vegan diet followed by her family. Her B12 level returned undetectably low. She improve…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 72

Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional and human health aspects of vegan diets. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has stated that a vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of human life. Vegan diets tend to be higher in dietary fiber, magnesium, folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E, and phytochemicals; and lower in calories, saturated fat, iron, cholesterol, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, calcium, zinc, vitamin B12 and choline. Researchers agree that those on a vegan diet should take a vitamin B12 dietary supplement.

Evidence: 42 • authority: 80

Life-threatening Manifestations of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Infants on a Vegan Diet

Evidence: 42 • authority: 80

Vitamin B12 intake of women of reproductive age on a vegan diet in Australia