codzienność: Anthocyanin

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Anthocyanins (from Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos) 'flower' and κυάνεος/κυανοῦς (kuáneos/kuanoûs) 'dark blue'), also called anthocyans, are water-soluble vacuolar pigments that, depending on their pH, may appear red, pink, purple, blue, or black. Food plants rich in anthocyanins include blueberries, raspberries, black rice, black carrots and black soybeans, among many others of said colors. Some of the colors of autumn leaves are derived from anthocyanins. Anthocyanins belong to a parent class of molecules called flavonoids synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway. They can occur in all tissues of higher plants, including leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruits. Anthocyanins are derived f…

Evidence: 55 • authority: 92

Heterologous Expression of <i>SoMYB1</i> Derived from <i>Syringa oblata</i> Enhances Cyanidin Biosynthesis in Tobacco.. Syringa oblata is a renowned flowering shrub, yet the functional studies on the regulatory factors governing its flower color formation remain limited. In this study, a new MYB transcription factor, named SoMYB1 , was isolated from the petals of Syringa oblata by the homologous cloning technique. The open reading frames of SoMYB1 was 705 bp in length. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that SoMYB1 contained the highly conserved R2 and R3 MYB domains. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that SoMYB1 was expressed tissue specifically in flo…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 72

Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology that studies the growth, reproduction and evolution of plants over the last 3.5 billion years of life on earth. As with all areas of biology and medicine, plants can be studied at range of levels from their biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology and genetics to their ecology, pathology, anatomy, morphology and taxonomy. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who specialises in this field. Plants can be defined in multiple ways including approximately 410,000 species of land plants, and some 391,000 species of vascular plants, of which approximately 369,000 are flowering plants and approximately 20,0…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 88

ANTHOCYANINS AND ANTHOCYANIDINS OF THE BARLEY PERICARP AND ALEURONE TISSUES. The anthocyanins and anthocyanidins of the pericarp and aleurone tissues of one white, three blue, two purple, and two black barley varieties were isolated by paper chromatography. Two anthocyanins, "B" and "C" (perhaps cyanidin-3-glucoside), occurred in one black and in the blue and purple varieties. Additionally, of three anthocyanins found in the two purple varieties, two, "D" and "E", were common to both and one, "F", was found only in the variety Gopal. Also found in the purple varieties was a poorly resolved group of anthocyanins designated as "A". Two anthocyanidins, delphinidin and cyanidin, were found in a…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 72

Aronia is a genus of deciduous shrubs, the chokeberries, in the family Rosaceae native to eastern North America and most commonly found in wet woods and swamps. The genus Aronia is considered to have 3 species. The most common and widely used is Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry) which emerged from Eastern North America. The lesser known Aronia arbutifolia (red chokeberry) and the hybrid form of the above mentioned species called Aronia prunifolia (purple chokeberry) were first cultivated in Central and Eastern North America. In the eighteenth century, the first shrubs of the best-known species Aronia melanocarpa reached Europe where they were first cultivated in Scandinavia and Russia.…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Sambucus is a genus of between 20 and 30 species of flowering plants in the family Viburnaceae. The various species are commonly referred to as elder, with the flowers as elderflower, and the fruit as elderberry. The genus is represented by species native to temperate and subtropical climates in most parts of the world, including Eurasia, the Americas, Africa and Australia, and has been introduced to other regions of similar climates.

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods, and occasionally small mammals and birds. They have adapted to grow in waterlogged sunny places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic bogs. They can be found on all continents except Antarctica, as well as many Pacific islands. In 1875, Charles Darwin published Insectivorous Plants, the first treatise to recognize the significance of carnivory in plants, describing years of his research. True carnivory is believed to have evolved independently at least 12 times in five different orders…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Genome-wide characterization of the glutathione S-transferase gene family identifies GmGSTF8 and GmGSTF11 as anthocyanin-associated GSTs in soybean.. Background Anthocyanins are essential flavonoid pigments that contribute to plant coloration, stress resilience, and nutritional quality. Despite their importance, the mechanisms underlying anthocyanin transport and accumulation in soybean (Glycine max) remain poorly understood. Here, we performed a comprehensive genome-wide characterization of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family in soybean and functionally investigated GmGSTF members potentially associated with anthocyanin stabilization, intracellular trafficking, and vacuolar seq…