ciało-człowieka: Penguin

Evidence: 96 • authority: 72

Penguins are a group of flightless semi-aquatic sea birds which live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Only one species, the Galapagos penguin, lives at, and slightly north of, the equator. Highly adapted for life in the ocean water, penguins have countershaded dark and white plumage and flippers for swimming. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and other forms of sea life which they catch with their bills and swallow whole while swimming. A penguin has a spiny tongue and powerful jaws to grip slippery prey. They spend about half of their lives on land and the other half in the sea. The largest living species is the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri): on average, adult…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

The little penguin (Eudyptula minor) is the smallest species of penguin in the world, and originates from New Zealand and Australia. It is commonly known as the fairy penguin, little blue penguin, or blue penguin, owing to its slate-blue plumage, and is also known by its Māori name kororā. It is a marine neritic species that dives for food throughout the day and returns to burrows on the shore at dusk. Eudyptula minor feathers are dense in melanosomes, which increase water resistance and give them their unique blue colour. The Australian little penguin (Eudyptula novaehollandiae), from Australia and the Otago region of New Zealand, was initially described as Spheniscus novaehollandiae in 18…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 92

Survey of haemoprotozoa and <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in little penguins in Lutruwita/Tasmania, Australia.. Parasitism poses potential health risks to penguin populations, yet the prevalence of protozoan parasites in wild free-living populations remains poorly understood. We conducted a survey of haemoprotozoa and Toxoplasma gondii in little penguins ( Eudyptula minor ) across 23 colonies in Lutruwita/Tasmania, Australia. Blood samples were screened for haemoprotozoa using light microscopy and nested PCR. Suspect intraerythrocytic inclusions were seen in the blood smears of 25 % of the penguins examined (62/247), but morphological and molecular evidence only confirmed Babesia sp.…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 80

VI. LITTLE (OR BLUE) PENGUIN GENUS EUDYPTULA

Evidence: 24 • authority: 92

Multi-colony tracking of a marine central place forager reveals a site specific yet broadly consistent foraging strategy.. Colonial central place foraging seabirds with a wide species range inhabit highly heterogenous habitats, which may result in colony-specific foraging behaviours. Simultaneously tracking seabirds from multiple colonies is key to elucidating factors influencing foraging behaviour and determining how species might respond to environmental perturbations. Here, we investigate the foraging behaviour of gentoo penguins ( Pygoscelis papua ) breeding at the Falkland Islands in relation to habitat availability and prey types. We examine the horizontal and vertical foraging distri…

Evidence: 20 • authority: 80

A note on tick infestation of the fairy penguin, Eudyptia minor, Forster

Evidence: 20 • authority: 80

Figure 2: Phenology and sampling period of little penguin (LP), short-tailed shearwater (STSW), fairy prion (FP) and common diving petrel (CDP) in Bass Strait.

Evidence: 20 • authority: 72

The Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) is a medium-sized penguin. It resides in South America, along the Pacific coast of Peru and Chile. Its nearest relatives are the African penguin, the Magellanic penguin and the Galápagos penguin. The Humboldt penguin and the cold water current it swims in are both named after the explorer Alexander von Humboldt. The species is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN with no population recovery plan in place. The current wild population is composed of roughly 23,800 mature individuals and is declining. It is a migrant species. Humboldt penguins nest on islands and rocky coasts, burrowing holes in guano and sometimes using scrapes or caves. In South Americ…

Evidence: 20 • authority: 80

Plate VIIb. Little blue penguin on nest

Evidence: — • authority: 80

An Experimental Manipulation of Clutch Size in the Little Penguin <i>Eudyptula minor</i>

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Vocal recognition by little penguins (Eudyptula minor) on Phillip Island, Victoria, Australia

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Comparison of New Zealand’s little blue penguins, Eudyptula minor, diving behaviour