popularne-ksiazki: Stock character

Evidence: 55 • authority: 72

A motif ( moh-TEEF), or sometimes a trope, is any distinctive feature, element, or idea that recurs throughout a story; often, it helps develop larger narrative elements such as the story's themes or mood. A narrative motif can be created through the use of imagery, structural components, language, and other elements throughout literature. Symbolism is often expressed through motifs. For instance, the flute in Arthur Miller's play Death of a Salesman is a recurrent sound motif that conveys rural and idyllic notions. Another example from modern American literature is the green light that a character often sees, representing distance and longing, found in the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scot…

Evidence: 55 • authority: 72

A narrative, story, or tale is any account of a series of related events or experiences, whether non-fictional (memoir, biography, news report, documentary, travelogue, etc.) or fictional (fairy tale, fable, legend, thriller, novel, etc.). Narratives can be presented through a sequence of written or spoken words, through still or moving images, or through any combination of these. Narrative is expressed in all mediums of human creativity, art, and entertainment, including speech (oral literature), literature, theatre, dance, music and song, comics, journalism, animation, video (including film and television), video games, radio, structured and unstructured recreation, and potentially even p…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 72

A stock character is a dramatic or literary character representing a generic type in a conventional, simplified manner and recurring in many fictional works. The following list labels some of these stereotypes and provides examples. Some character archetypes, the more universal foundations of fictional characters, are also listed. Some characters that were first introduced as fully fleshed-out characters become subsequently used as stock characters in other works – for example, the Ebenezer Scrooge character from A Christmas Carol, upon whom the "miser" stereotype is based, and whose name now has become a shorthand for it. Some stock characters incorporate more than one stock character; for…

Evidence: 50 • authority: 72

The ingénue (US: , UK: , French: [ɛ̃ʒeny] ) is a literary, cinematic, and theatrical stock character that refers to a beautiful, virginal girl or young woman characterized by her innocence and naivety, who has not yet come into contact with the world. It is closely associated with the "girl next door" type. The term originated in French theatre, where it referred to any young actress playing a major role—the equivalent of the "female juvenile lead" in English theatre. Heroines fell within this category, as long as they were young characters rather than roles taken by the company's leading lady. In French literature, Molière is credited with introducing the ingénue in his 17th-century play T…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

The plot is the series of related events in a narrative. So, each event (except the final one) affects at least one other. Plot may be synonymous with storyline. Simple plots, such as in a traditional ballad, can be linearly sequenced, but plots can also exhibit complex interwoven structures, with each part sometimes referred to as a subplot. E. M. Forster described plot events as relating through the principle of cause-and-effect; the causal events of a plot can be thought of as a selective collection of events from a narrative, all linked by the connector "and so". According to American science fiction writer Ansen Dibell, the term plot highlights important points which have consequences…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 90

Narrative Disclosure Strategies Around Stock‐for‐Stock M&As. Using 1,470 cash and stock‐for‐stock mergers and acquisitions from 2004–2020, we document that stock‐for‐stock bidders strategically manage the narrative content of earnings press releases in the year preceding the announcement to lower acquisition costs. Beyond inflating tone, we find that they also reshape tone dispersion, with positive language distributed more broadly across earnings press releases and negative language increasingly concentrated. Abnormal tone inflation leads to substantial short‐run gains ($22 million for the average bidder), with smaller but reinforcing effects from dispersion. These patterns are most pronou…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 90

The Stock Character of the Uxor Irata in Plautus. This thesis aims to examine the figure of the uxor irata as a stock character designation for married women in Plautus. Compared to male figures, female figures in Plautus are most commonly listed in dramatis personae as one of five broad character designations, most scholarship following this example. Of these designations, married women are typically labelled as matronae. The term matrona, however, carries defined connotations in social history, referring to an ideal wife that behaved subserviently toward her husband. Wives in Plautus whose behaviour aligns with this historical ideal are generally good in every sense, and are matronae bona…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 88

Character Roles and Narrative Design. This chapter makes use of the concept of “character-space” to treat character roles as an underlying feature of narrative structure. The argument begins with a discussion of how Achilles’ presence and absence in the story of the Iliad reflects the narrative design of the poem as a whole, and the contrast between the Iliad and Odyssey in this regard. The range, distribution, and use of character roles also had an intimate connection to the narrative and thematic design of the cyclic epics. The Little Iliad and the Aethiopis used leading characters to bring a kind of unity to the work as a whole. Other poems show different narrative strategies and aims: t…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 88

Introduction: Character-Building: Narrative Theory, Narrative Jurisprudence, and the Idea of Character. The introduction considers the prevalence and diverse applications of the term character in the nineteenth-century. Retracing studies of character focused on the eighteenth-century novel and the romanticization of character as psychological depth, it provides background for a new exploration of how this understanding of character was formally applied or challenged in legal and literary narratives. From The Scarlet Letter to The Picture of Dorian Gray , the novels discussed provide access to character through the dynamics of secrecy and disclosure, or through the allocation of responsibili…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 72

The shrew – an unpleasant, ill-tempered woman characterised by scolding, nagging, and aggression – is a comedic stock character in literature and folklore, both Western and Eastern. The theme is illustrated in Shakespeare's play The Taming of the Shrew. As a reference to actual women, rather than the stock character, the shrew is considered old-fashioned, and the synonym scold (as a noun) is archaic. The term shrew is still used to describe the stock character in fiction and folk storytelling. None of these terms are usually applied to males in Modern English. This stereotype or cliché was common in early- to mid-20th-century films, and retains some present-day currency, often shifted somew…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 90

GENDER STEREOTYPING MALICE: CAMOUFLAGING IN STOCK CHARACTERS AND ARCHETYPES. Archetype and stock/generic characters have exhibited an enormous presence in almost all ages, forms and genres of literary texts. The booming evolution of media forms over time caused these types of characters to transition to the newer and popularity-attaining media forms including theatre, cinema, games and most recently the meta-verse. As the norm goes, these characters in return have contributed immensely to the creative arts providing them with a stock medium of expression readily available for narration. However, these characters at the same time have contributed to both, the creation of new gender stereotyp…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 90

Stock market returns and the content of annual report narratives. This paper uses the tools of computational linguistics to analyze the qualitative part of annual reports of UK listed companies. More specifically, the frequency of words associated with different language indicators is used to forecast future stock returns. We find that two of these indicators, capturing ‘activity’ and ‘realism’, predict subsequent price increases, even after controlling for a wide range of factors. Elevated values of these two linguistic variables, however, are not symptomatic of exacerbated risk. Consequently, investors are advised to peruse annual report narratives, as they contain valuable information th…