techniki: Trepanning

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Trepanning, also known as trepanation, trephination, trephining or making a burr hole (the verb trepan derives from Old French from Medieval Latin trepanum from Greek trúpanon, literally "borer, auger"), is a surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull. This procedure is one of the oldest known surgical procedures, mainly performed by priests or "medicine men." Those who performed trepanation used materials such as stone, obsidian, bronze, or bone shaped into hand-held tools. The intentional perforation of the cranium exposes the dura mater to treat health problems related to intracranial diseases or release pressured blood buildup from an injury. It may…

Evidence: 60 • authority: 92

The history of bone marrow in orthopaedic surgery (part I trauma): trepanning, bone marrow injection in damage control resuscitation, and bone marrow aspiration to heal fractures.. Purpose One of the oldest procedures performed by man is trepanning of the bone and yet it was only in the last 40 years that bone marrow aspiration has been used to treat nonunion disorders. Material and methods These advances were possible due to improvements in instruments and in techniques to make holes in the bone, an history that began with skull trephinations around 8000-10,000 years ago, and continued with sternum bone marrow injection for trauma resuscitation in the beginning of the twentieth century; th…

Evidence: 52 • authority: 92

THE HISTORY OF DENTAL MEDICINE IN OSIJEK.. Throughout history, Osijek and Slavonia were parts of numerous empires and states. In this paper, the authors depict dental health care of the inhabitants of Osijek and Slavonia throughout their history, since the ancient prehistoric times when dental medicine and medicine in general were 'in the hands' of gods and medicine men, throughout the period of the Roman Empire and Middle Ages, as well as the Turkish sovereignty, all the way to the modern era when Osijek and Slavonia became part of the Austrian Empire and many novelties were introduced in the society, among other things, and for those times, modern procedures of medicine and dental protect…

Evidence: 52 • authority: 72

Circumcision is a surgical procedure that removes the foreskin from the human penis. In the procedure's most common form, the foreskin is extended with forceps, then a circumcision device may be placed, after which the foreskin is excised. Topical or locally injected anesthesia is generally used to reduce pain and physiologic stress. Circumcision is undertaken for religious, cultural, social, and medical reasons. It may be medically necessary in cases of phimosis, chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs), and other pathologies of the penis that do not resolve with other treatments. The procedure is contraindicated in cases of certain genital structure abnormalities or poor general health. Th…

Evidence: 52 • authority: 72

Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (e.g., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass), to reconstruct or alter aesthetics and appearance (cosmetic surgery), or to remove unwanted tissues, neoplasms and foreign bodies. The act of performing surgery may be called a surgical procedure or surgical operation, or simply "surgery" or "operation". In this context, the verb "operate" means to perform surgery. The adjective surgical means pertaining to surgery; e.g. surgical instruments, surgical facility or surgical nurse.…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 80

Mitral Valvotomy An Oldest Cardiac Surgical Procedure For Mitral Stenosis. Mitral Valvotomy An Oldest Cardiac Surgical Procedure For Mitral Stenosis

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Surgical nursing procedures. Nurses undertake extra training, so they can perform or assist with a number of surgical nursing procedures which form part of the assessment, treatment, and evaluation of a patient’s condition both pre-operatively and post-operatively. They should have a good understanding of the reasons for performing the procedure, the technique, and possible complications. This chapter reviews blood sampling, cannulation, arterial blood gases, nasogastric tubes, urinary catheters, intravenous and intramuscular injections, and the fitting of venous thromboembolism stockings.

Evidence: — • authority: 88

Collecting Data About the Oldest Old: Problems and Procedures. Abstract There is considerable speculation, and a more limited amount of supporting evidence, that some types of survey error are more likely to occur when surveying older respondents, particularly the oldest old, than when surveying younger respondents. Several reasons usually are cited for such possible errors, including health problems, sensory and cognitive impairments, and personality and motivational factors associated with age or cohort. Finally, many procedures were developed or modified in order to deal with those presumed problems. To learn more about what is known or speculated about the quality of data from the oldes…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Trepanation in archaic human remains - characteristic features and diagnostic difficulties.. Three trepanned skulls originated from a medieval archeological site at St. Pantelejmon Church, located in Serbia, all showing characteristic depressions and perforations of the vault of the skull from trepanning. Trepanation refers to the process of creating a defect in the skull by drilling, cutting or scraping and is one of the oldest known surgical procedures. Anthropological assessment of possible cases of trepanation in archaic material is complicated by a differential diagnosis that includes both congenital/developmental lesions such as parietal fenestrae, and acquired conditions such as trau…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Cesarean Section: One of the Oldest and Controversial Surgical Procedures