koty: Arthur Schopenhauer

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Arthur Schopenhauer (22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860), also known as the “Philosopher of Pessimism”, was a German philosopher and writer. He is known for his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation (expanded in 1844), which characterizes the phenomenal world as the manifestation of a blind and irrational noumenal will. Building on the transcendental idealism of Immanuel Kant, Schopenhauer developed an atheistic, metaphysical and ethical system that rejected the contemporaneous ideas of German idealism. Schopenhauer was among the first philosophers in the Western tradition to share and affirm significant tenets of Indian philosophy, such as asceticism, denial of the self, and the…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Philipp Mainländer (German: [ˈmaɪ̯nlɛndɐ]; 5 October 1841 – 1 April 1876) was a German philosopher and poet. Born Philipp Batz, he later changed his name to "Mainländer" in homage to his hometown, Offenbach am Main. Mainländer is best known for his pessimistic philosophy, deeply influenced by Arthur Schopenhauer. In his central work, The Philosophy of Redemption, Mainländer argued that non-existence is preferable to existence, positing that the universe originated from a primordial divine fragmentation, that God committed cosmic suicide by shattering himself into the time-bound, fragmented physical matter. Mainländer believed that everything in life, matter, and celestial bodies is the deca…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 72

Luise Adelaide Lavinia Schopenhauer, known as Adele Schopenhauer (12 June 1797 – 25 August 1849), was a German author. She was the sister of the philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer and daughter of author Johanna Schopenhauer. Henriette Sommer and Adrian van der Venne were pseudonyms used by her.

Evidence: 34 • authority: 72

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher and writer who started his career as a classical philologist and turned to philosophy early in his academic career. In 1869, at age 24, he was appointed Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Basel. Plagued by health problems for most of his life, he resigned from the university in 1879. He afterward lived as an independent writer, spending much of his life in relative solitude and financial insecurity while moving between Switzerland, Italy, and southern France in search of climates that might alleviate his condition, and in the following decade, he completed much of his core writing. In…

Evidence: 34 • authority: 80

Arthur Schopenhauer. Philosopher of Pessimism. By Frederick Copleston (Burns Oates. 1946. 12s. 6d.)

Evidence: 34 • authority: 80

"Arthur Schopenhauer: Philosopher of Pessimism," by Frederick Copleston, S.J.

Evidence: 34 • authority: 80

Reviews of Book: Arthur Schopenhauer, Philosopher of Pessimism

Evidence: 34 • authority: 80

Book Review: Arthur Schopenhauer, Philosopher of Pessimism

Evidence: 25 • authority: 80

Schopenhauer the Philosopher of Pessimism

Evidence: 25 • authority: 72

In philosophy and theology, metempsychosis (Ancient Greek: μετεμψύχωσις) is the transmigration of the soul, especially its reincarnation after death. The term is derived from ancient Greek philosophy, and has been recontextualized by modern philosophers such as Arthur Schopenhauer, Kurt Gödel, Mircea Eliade, and Magdalena Villaba; otherwise, the word "transmigration" is more appropriate. The word plays a prominent role in James Joyce's Ulysses and is also associated with Friedrich Nietzsche. Another term sometimes used synonymously is palingenesis.

Evidence: 25 • authority: 72

Frederick Charles Copleston (10 April 1907 – 3 February 1994) was a British Catholic priest, philosopher, and historian of philosophy, best known for his influential multi-volume A History of Philosophy (1946–75). Copleston achieved a degree of popularity in the media for debating the existence of God with Bertrand Russell in a celebrated 1948 BBC broadcast; the following year he debated logical positivism and the meaningfulness of religious language with his friend the analytic philosopher A. J. Ayer.

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico ( KIRR-ik-oh; Italian: [ˈdʒordʒo de ˈkiːriko]; 10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was a Greek-Italian artist and writer born in Volos, Greece. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. His best-known works often feature Roman arcades, long shadows, mannequins, trains, and illogical perspective. His imagery reflects his affinity for the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and of Friedrich Nietzsche, and for the mythology of his birthplace. After 1919, de Chirico became a critic of modern art, studied traditional painting techniques, and later worked in a neoclassical or ne…