Pies: Puppies then take a year or more to

Evidence: 60 • authority: 90

Effect of neuroactive nutritional supplementation on body weight and composition in growing puppies. Abstract Nutritional factors can dramatically affect development of young animals during the early stage of life. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of a neuroactive nutritional supplement (NNS) containing DHA, taurine, carotenoids and vitamins on the body weight and body composition of growing puppies. A total of twenty-four 2-month-old Beagles were fed a nutritionally complete and balanced base diet and a control supplement daily during an initial 1-month baseline assessment, after which they were divided into control and treatment groups. They were fed daily eit…

Evidence: 52 • authority: 92

Life-stage differences in nutrient digestibility and physiological parameters in Sapsaree dogs.. This study evaluated the life-stage differences in growth and fecal parameters, nutrient digestibility, serum biochemistry, and hematology of Korean Sapsaree dogs. Eighteen healthy Saparees were allotted into three groups according to age (puppy, under 1 yr old; adult, 1-7 yrs old; senior, over 7 yrs old). The study included a 7-day adaptation period and a 10-day experimental period. Body weight change was highest ( p p p p p p p p p p < 0.05) the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin level than puppies and seniors. Our findings suggest that life stage should be considered a key determinant i…

Evidence: 52 • authority: 90

Relative Impact of Birth Weight and Early Growth on Neonatal Mortality in Puppies. Puppy survival during their first weeks of life can be improved, and early detection of puppies with increased mortality risk is one of the keys to success. In the canine species, the few studies on this subject focused on birth weight, which reflects intrauterine growth. The present work aimed to explore the interconnections between birth weight, early growth and survival until two months of life in the canine species. In total, data from 8550 puppies born in 127 French breeding kennels were analysed. Five different growth rates were calculated to reflect the growth of puppies during their first week of life…

Evidence: 52 • authority: 92

Accelerated early weight gain of neonatal puppies from overweight bitches compared to lean dams in spite of similar milk macronutrient composition.. Introduction Lactation is the final pathway for the maternal metabolism to influence the neonate. Studies in women and animals have shown maternal body condition affecting milk composition and/or offspring growth and adiposity. The effect of the body condition of the dam on neonatal puppy growth rate has never been examined, despite a growing population of overweight breeding dogs. This study aimed to compare the milk macronutrient composition and puppy growth rate during the neonatal period between overweight and lean bitches. Methods A total…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 80

Infants in childcare are likely to gain more weight in first year

Evidence: 43 • authority: 92

Birth Weight and Early Weight Changes in Newborn Dogs: Analyzing Key Influencing Factors in Dobermann Puppies.. Birthweight (BW) and early weight changes are important prognostic factors in dog neonatology, but are influenced by the breed. The present study aimed to evaluate BW and early growth in a single breed, Dobermann, and single breeding facility for a better evaluation of data and analysis of influencing factors. In 364 puppies born by elective cesarean section, the ROC curve and cut-off weight values associated with the risk for death within 15 days after birth were defined for BW and Day 1 weight (D1W). Both BW and D1W were influenced by newborn's sex ( p p p p p p p < 0.001) and e…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 90

Birth weight as a risk factor for neonatal mortality: Breed-specific approach to identify at-risk puppies. In numerous species, low birth weight is a risk factor for neonatal mortality. In the canine species, definition of a low birth weight is complex due to the huge interbreed variability in size. To identify puppies at higher risk of neonatal death, data from 6,694 puppies were analysed. The data were collected from 75 French breeding kennels, examining 27 breeds and totaling 1,202 litters of puppies. Generalised linear mixed models allowed to identify birth weight, birth weight heterogeneity within the litter, and size of the breeding kennel as significant risk factors for neonatal mort…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 90

Heritabilities for the puppy weight at birth in Labrador retrievers. BACKGROUND: Weight at birth is an important predictor of neonatal mortality and morbidity in dogs. In addition, the birthweight of the puppies in a litter influences the decision to perform a cesarean section. The goal of the present study was to estimate heritabilities for the puppy birth weight in Labrador retrievers. RESULTS: Of the 1138 Labrador retriever litters whelped at the Guiding Eye for the Blind between September 2001 and February 2018, 1013 were included in the analyses after data editing. Puppy weight at birth was the target trait, measured on a continuous scale in pounds, and converted to grams. Linear mixed…

Evidence: 43 • authority: 80

Neurohumoral regulation of body weight gain

Evidence: 43 • authority: 72

The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated descendant of wolves. Also called the domestic dog, it was selectively bred during the Late Pleistocene by hunter-gatherers. Dogs and the modern gray wolf share a common ancestor. Dogs were the first species to be domesticated over 14,000 years ago, before the development of agriculture, though genetic studies suggest the domestication process may have begun over 25,000 years ago. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids. Dogs have been bred for specific behaviors, sensory abilities, and physical traits. Dog breeds va…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Khloé Alexandra Kardashian (; born June 27, 1984) is an American media personality, socialite, and businesswoman. She rose to fame starring with her family in the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians from 2007 to 2021. Its success led to the creation of spin-offs, including Kourtney and Khloé Take Miami (2009–2013) and Kourtney and Khloé Take The Hamptons (2014–2015). Following the ending of their previous show, she and her family began starring on Hulu's The Kardashians in 2022. From September 2009 to December 2016, Kardashian was married to basketball player Lamar Odom, whom she married one month after they first met. They starred in their own reality television serie…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Probiotic Strains from Canine Milk Support Gastrointestinal Health in Weaning Labrador Retriever Puppies.. Weaning is a critical developmental stage in puppies often accompanied by gastrointestinal disturbances and empiric antibiotic use. This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of two canine milk-derived probiotic strains, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CECT 30021 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CECT 30022, in recently weaned Labrador Retriever puppies. Forty-nine healthy puppies were enrolled and allocated to receive a daily capsule containing either strain alone, a combination of both, or placebo for six weeks, followed by a six-week observation perio…