woda-i-kanalizacja: Azotemia

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Azotemia (from azot 'nitrogen' and -emia 'blood condition'), also spelled azotaemia, is a medical condition characterized by abnormally high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds (such as urea, creatinine, and other nitrogen-rich compounds) in the blood. It is largely related to insufficient or dysfunctional filtering of blood by the kidneys. It can lead to uremia and acute kidney injury if not controlled.

Evidence: 77 • authority: 72

Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure, is a sudden decrease in kidney function that develops within seven days, as shown by an increase in serum creatinine or a decrease in urine output, or both. Causes of AKI are classified as either prerenal (due to decreased blood flow to the kidney), intrinsic renal (due to damage to the kidney itself), or postrenal (due to blockage of urine flow). Prerenal causes of AKI include sepsis, dehydration, excessive blood loss, cardiogenic shock, heart failure, cirrhosis, and certain medications such as ACE inhibitors or NSAIDs. Intrinsic renal causes of AKI include glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis, acute tubular necrosis, certain…

Evidence: 69 • authority: 92

Uremic pancreatitis following routine initiation of losartan in advanced chronic kidney disease: A case report.. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly used to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) but may worsen renal function in advanced kidney disease. We describe a 35-year-old man with stage 4 CKD who developed acute kidney injury shortly after starting an ARB, followed by severe abdominal pain and biochemical evidence of pancreatitis. Imaging excluded gallstones and ductal obstruction. Laboratory studies ruled out hypertriglyceridemia and hypercalcemia. He was found to have profound azotemia, consistent with uremia. His abdominal pain and elevated pancreatic e…

Evidence: 65 • authority: 92

Acute peritoneal dialysis adequacy among children at a national referral hospital in Kenya: a cross-sectional study in a resource-limited setting.. Background Acute peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an important renal replacement therapy for children with acute kidney injury (AKI), particularly in resource-limited settings. Inadequate PD may result in persistent uremia, prolonged hospitalization, increased mortality, and transition to hemodialysis. Dialysis adequacy is commonly assessed using urea and creatinine clearance, which are influenced by prescription parameters such as fill volume, dwell time, and dialysate dextrose concentration. However, there is limited data on target clearance values…

Evidence: 59 • authority: 88

Urinary Sodium/Potassium Ratio in Acute Kidney Injury Accurately Differentiates Prerenal Azotemia from Acute Tubular Necrosis. Abstract Objective : To develop a more accurate, cost effective, non-invasive test to differentiate between pre-renal renal failure (PRA) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods : Urine sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratios were compared with fractional excretion of sodium (FeNa) and renal failure index (RFI) as well as other commonly used indices to differentiate patients with PRA from ATN. Patients with a rise in serum creatinine > 0.5 mg/d identified from medical records for a six- to eighteen-month period, were reviewed and categorized ei…

Evidence: 58 • authority: 80

Is Rapidly Reversing Azotemia Acute Kidney Injury?.

Evidence: 58 • authority: 80

Acute Kidney Injury Associated with Uremia: Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Clinical Progression, and Management Strategies

Evidence: 53 • authority: 80

Post-ischemic acute renal failure protects proximal tubules from O2 deprivation injury, possibly by inducing uremia

Evidence: 53 • authority: 92

Hematologic and Renal Trends in Cats Undergoing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: A Retrospective Case Series with Molidustat Use.. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) can precipitate anemia in critically ill patients, but temporal hematologic trends and anemia management strategies in cats remain poorly characterized. Medical records of three client-owned cats treated with CRRT for severe acute kidney injury with evidence of pre-existing chronic kidney disease at a single referral center were retrospectively reviewed. Hematologic variables (hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, absolute reticulocyte count) and renal parameters (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus) were…

Evidence: 53 • authority: 80

Acute kidney injury: causes, diagnosis and management

Evidence: 53 • authority: 80

Rare and Overlooked Causes of Acute Kidney Injury

Evidence: 53 • authority: 88

The Causes of Acute Kidney Injury are Numerous. The causes of acute kidney injury are numerous because it can occur due to infection, trauma, kidney stones, toxic drugs, but it can also occur during hospital treatment. People with acute kidney injury suddenly lose kidney function, which leads to poor urine output and accumulation of body waste products