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geografia: Koala

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Botanist Robert Brown wrote the first detailed scientific description in 1814 although his work remained unpublished for 180 years.
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The koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), sometimes inaccurately called the koala bear, is an arboreal herbivorous marsupial native to Australia. It is the only extant representative of the family Phascolarctidae. Its closest living relatives are the wombats. The koala is found in coastal areas of the continent's eastern and southern regions, inhabiting Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. It is easily recognisable by its stout, tailless body and large head with round, fluffy ears and large, dark nose. The koala has a body length of 60–85 cm (24–33 in) and weighs 4–15 kg (8.8–33.1 lb). Its fur colour ranges from silver grey to chocolate brown. Koalas from the northern populations are typically smaller and lighter in colour than their counterparts further south. These populations are possibly separate subspecies, but not all researchers accept this. Koalas typically inhabit open Eucalyptus woodland, as the leaves of these trees make up most of their diet. This eucalypt diet has low nutritional and caloric content and contains toxic compounds that deter most other mammals from feeding on them. Koalas are largely sedentary and sleep up to twenty hours a day. They are asocial; only mothers bond to dependent offspring. Adult males communicate with bellows that intimidate rivals and attract mates. Males mark their presence with secretions from scent glands located o…
Kategoria: geografia
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Because of their distinctive appearance, koalas, along with kangaroos , are recognised worldwide as symbols of Australia. They were hunted by Aboriginal Australians and depicted in myths and cave art for millennia. The first recorded encounter between a European and a koala was in 1798, and an image of the animal was published in 1810 by naturalist George Perry . Botanist Robert Brown wrote the first detailed scientific description in 1814 although his work remained unpublished for 180 years. Artist John Gould illustrated and described the koala, thereby introducing the species to the British public. Further details about the animal's biology were revealed in the 19th century by English scientists. Botanist Robert Brown was the first to write a formal scientific description in 1803, based on a female specimen captured near what is now Mount Kembla in the Illawarra region of New South Wales. Austrian botanical illustrator Ferdinand Bauer drew the animal's skull, throat, feet, and paws. Brown's work remained unpublished and largely unnoticed, however; his field books and notes remained in his possession until his death, when they were bequeathed to the British Museum in London. They were not identified until 1994, while Bauer's koala watercolours were not published until 1989. [ 2 ] : 16–28 William Paterson , who had befriended Brown and Bauer during their stay in New South Wales, wrote an eyewitness report of his encounters with the animals and this would be the basis for British surgeon Everard Home 's anatomical writings on them. [ 2 ] : 33–36 Home, who in 1808 published his report, [ 72 ] coined the scientific name Didelphis coola . [ 2 ] : 36 Naturalist and popular artist John Gould illustrated and described the koala in his three-volume work The Mammals of Australia (1845–1863) and introduced the species, as well as other members of Australia's little-known faunal community, to the public. [ 2 ] : 87–93 Comparative anatomist Richard Owen , in a series of publications on the physiology and anatomy of Australian mammals, presented a paper on the anatomy of the koala to the Zoological Society of London . [ 74 ] In this widely cited publication, he provided an early description of its internal anatomy, and noted its general structural similarity to the wombat. [ 2 ] : 94–96 English naturalist George Robert Waterhouse , curator of the Zoological Society of London, was the first to correctly classify the koala as a marsupial in the 1840s, and compared it to fossil species Diprotodon and Nototherium , which had been discovered just recently. [ 2 ] : 46–48 Similarly, Gerard Krefft , curator of the Australian Museum in Sydney, noted evolutionary mechanisms at work when comparing the koala to fossil marsupials in his 1871 The Mammals of Australia . [ 2 ] : 103–105

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Walter de Gruyter GmbHpomocniczeniezależne

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Robert Kennedy in His Own Words: The Unpublished Recollections of the Kennedy Years

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University Press of Kansaspomocniczeniezależne

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Justice Robert H. Jackson's Unpublished Opinion in Brown v. Board

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Coke Smith Wildlifepomocniczeniezależne

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Wikipediapomocnicze

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