miejsca: Azerbaijan

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a landlocked country at the boundary of Western Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia's republic of Dagestan to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Turkey (via the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. Baku is the capital and largest city. The territory of what is now Azerbaijan was ruled first by Caucasian Albania and later by various Persian empires. Until the 19th century, it remained part of Qajar Iran, but the Russo-Persian wars of 1804–1813 and 1826–1828 forced the Qajar Empire to cede its Caucasian territories to th…

Evidence: 65 • authority: 72

The Declaration of Independence of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: آذربایجاننݣ استقلال بیاننامه‌سی, Azərbaycanın İstiqlal Bəyannaməsi) is the pronouncement adopted by the Azerbaijani National Council meeting in Tiflis on 28 May 1918, declaring the independence of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. After a century of living under Russian imperial rule and later being influenced by European ideas of nationalism, Azerbaijanis formed their own national identity and national movements. Following the fall of the Tsarist government in Russia as a result of the October Revolution, the Caucasian peoples, including Azerbaijanis, formed a Special Committee, which was followed by a Commissariat and, finally,…

Evidence: 65 • authority: 72

The Republic of Azerbaijan, better known in historiography as the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, was the first secular democratic republic in the Turkic and Muslim worlds. The ADR was founded by the Azerbaijani National Council in Tiflis on 28 May 1918 after the collapse of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, and ceased to exist on 28 April 1920. Its established borders were with Russia to the north, the Democratic Republic of Georgia to the north-west, the Republic of Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. It had a population of around 3 million. Ganja was the temporary capital of the Republic as Baku was under Bolshevik control. Under the ADR, a government system was…

Evidence: 63 • authority: 72

The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR; 22 April – 28 May 1918) was a short-lived state in the Caucasus that included most of the territory of present-day Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, as well as parts of Russia and Turkey. The state lasted only for a month before Georgia declared independence, followed shortly after by Armenia and Azerbaijan. The region that formed the TDFR had been part of the Russian Empire. As the empire dissolved during the 1917 February Revolution and a provisional government took over, a similar body, called the Special Transcaucasian Committee (Ozakom), did the same in the Caucasus. After the October Revolution and rise of the Bolsheviks in Russi…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 72

Azerbaijanis (; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycanlılar, آذربایجانلیلار), Azeris, or Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan türkləri, آذربایجان تۆرکلری) are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Azerbaijan region of northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan. They are the largest ethnic group in the Republic of Azerbaijan and the second-largest ethnic group in neighboring Iran and Georgia. They speak the Azerbaijani language, belonging to the Oghuz branch of the Turkic languages, and predominantly practice Shia Islam. Following the Russo-Persian Wars of 1813 and 1828, the territories of Qajar Iran in the Caucasus were ceded to the Russian Empire and the treaties of Gulistan in 1813 and Turkmenchay i…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 88

THE FOUNDING OF THE AZERBAIJAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC AND ITS HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN TERMS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW WITHIN AZERBAIJANI TERRITORY: TOPONYM OF AZERBAIJAN. The article clarifies the status of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in terms of the components outlined in Article 1 of the 1933 Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, which expresses the generally recognized features of a state. Addressing the issues concerning the territory of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, its population, government, and their status as subjects of the international law requires analysing the emergence of the notion of “Azerbaijan”, as well as the country’s geographic, historical,…

Evidence: 30 • authority: 80

Between empire and independence: Armenia and the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic

Evidence: 30 • authority: 72

Azerbaijan or Azarbaijan (Persian/Azerbaijani: آذربایجان, romanized: Āzarbāyjān, Persian pronunciation: [ɒːzæɾbɒːjˈdʒɒːn], Azerbaijani pronunciation: [ɑːzæɾbɑjˈdʒɑn]), also known as Iranian Azerbaijan, is a historical region in northwestern Iran that borders Iraq and Turkey to the west and Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the Azerbaijani exclave of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic to the north. Iranian Azerbaijan includes three northwestern Iranian provinces: West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan and Ardabil. Some authors also include Zanjan in this list, some in a geographical sense, others only culturally (due to the predominance of the Azeri Turkic population there). The region is mostly populated…

Evidence: 25 • authority: 80

Azerbaijan and the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic: historical reality and possibility *

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; Georgian: საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა, romanized: sakartvelos demok'rat'iuli resp'ublik'a) was the first modern establishment of a republic of Georgia, which existed from May 1918 to March 1921. Recognized by all major European powers of the time, DRG was created in the wake of the Russian Revolution of 1917, which led to the collapse of the Russian Empire and allowed territories formerly under Russia's rule to assert independence. In contrast to Bolshevik Russia, DRG was governed by a moderate, multi-party political system led by the Georgian Social Democratic Party (Mensheviks). Initially, DRG was a protectorate of the German Empire. Howeve…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Parliament of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Xalq Cümhuriyyəti Parlamenti) was the legislative branch of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. It was the parliament of the first parliamentary republic in the Caucasus Region of Central Asia. It parliament was established on December 7, 1918 when Azerbaijan declared independence away from the short-lived Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. The parliament disbanded in April of 1920 after the Red Army took control of Baku.

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Independence Day (Azerbaijani: Müstəqillik Günü) is a national holiday in Azerbaijan marking the anniversary of the founding of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) on 28 May 1918. Since 1990, Republic Day is celebrated as a national holiday in Azerbaijan. Until 2021, it was marked as Republic Day. In October 2021, it was renamed and became Independence Day.