maszyny: Psychology

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. Its subject matter includes the behavior of humans and nonhumans, both conscious and unconscious phenomena, and mental processes such as thoughts, feelings, and motives. Psychology is an academic discipline of broad scope, crossing the boundaries between the natural and social sciences. A professional practitioner or researcher involved in the discipline is called a psychologist. Some psychologists can also be classified as behavioral or cognitive scientists. Some psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior. Others explore the physiological and neurobiological processes that u…

Evidence: 77 • authority: 72

This list includes notable psychologists and contributors to psychology, some of whom may not have thought of themselves primarily as psychologists but are included here because of their important contributions to the discipline. Specialized lists of psychologists can be found at the articles on comparative psychology, list of clinical psychologists, list of developmental psychologists, list of educational psychologists, list of evolutionary psychologists, list of social psychologists, and list of cognitive scientists. Many psychologists included in those lists are also listed below:

Evidence: 53 • authority: 80

Professional Issues in Cognitive and Behavioral Practice for School Psychologists

Evidence: 53 • authority: 80

Ensuring the future of cognitive and behavioral scientists

Evidence: 53 • authority: 92

Advancing clinical psychology with improved doctoral training in science.. Clinical psychology is a young science. Psychological suffering remains extensive, with core scientific issues the subject of ongoing study and debate. Clinical practice depends on the research base for elucidating etiology, systematic improvements in provision of mental health care, improvements in public health, and credibility with clients and the larger public. Science-oriented training programs endeavor to develop students into independent scientists, clinicians, and/or administrators who produce knowledge and translate it to improve clinical care. Existing training standards accommodate programs with a heavy cl…

Evidence: 53 • authority: 72

Aaron Temkin Beck (July 18, 1921 – November 1, 2021) was an American psychiatrist who was a professor in the department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania. He is regarded as the father of cognitive therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). His pioneering methods are widely used in the treatment of clinical depression and various anxiety disorders. Beck also developed self-report measures for depression and anxiety, notably the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which became one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression. In 1994 he and his daughter, psychologist Judith S. Beck, founded the nonprofit Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior The…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Organizing Psychologists, Behavioral Scientists, and Allied Professionals: Formation of the Society of Behavioral Medicine's Palliative Care Special Interest Group. Source: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. Year: 2019

Evidence: — • authority: 90

Behavioral scientists at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Evolving and integrated roles.. The behavioral sciences offer theories and methods that are critical to fulfilling the mission of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Behavioral scientists have been integrated into the epidemiological and biomedical traditions of the agency, thereby broadening the effectiveness of prevention strategies that rely on behavior change. The diversity and changing nature of the roles of CDC behavioral scientists are presented, along with a discussion of how they connect to ongoing public health efforts. Psychological theories and methods, especially, have relevance for tackl…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Citizen science in psychology: Challenges, opportunities, and recommendations.. Human society is characterized by an interest in understanding the world and its phenomena. However, for most of society, science is a distant endeavor, reserved for a select group, and a wide gap exists between scientists and citizens. This gap is even more striking in psychology, where humans are the study subjects of interest. Citizen science (CS) is a recent approach that incorporates perspectives of nonprofessional scientists or "citizens" through their active participation in scientific research. Because CS remains largely unexplored within several subdomains of psychology, including cognitive psychology,…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Clinical psychology is an integration of human science, behavioral science, theory, and clinical knowledge aimed at understanding, preventing, and relieving psychological distress or dysfunction as well as promoting well-being and personal growth. Central to its practice are psychological assessment, diagnosis, clinical formulation, and psychotherapy; although clinical psychologists also engage in research, teaching, consultation, forensic testimony, and program development and administration. In many countries, clinical psychology is a regulated mental health profession. In the United States, clinical psychologists operate under the same license as counseling psychologists and school psych…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Behavioural science is the branch of science concerned with theorizing on categorizing and judging human behaviour. It sits in the interstice between fields such as psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, behavioral biology, behavioral genetics and social science. While the term can technically be applied to the study of behaviour amongst all living organisms, it is nearly always used with reference to humans as the primary target of investigation (though animals may be studied in some instances, e.g. invasive techniques).

Evidence: — • authority: 90

Bayesian linear mixed models using Stan: A tutorial for psychologists, linguists, and cognitive scientists. With the arrival of the R packages nlme and lme4, linear mixed models (LMMs) have come to be widely used in experimentally-driven areas like psychology, linguistics, and cognitive science.This tutorial provides a practical introduction to fitting LMMs in a Bayesian framework using the probabilistic programming language Stan.We choose Stan (rather than WinBUGS or JAGS) because it provides an elegant and scalable framework for fitting models in most of the standard applications of LMMs.We ease the reader into fitting increasingly complex LMMs, using a twocondition repeated measures self…