zwierzęta: Cassowary

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Cassowaries (Indonesian: kasuari; Biak: man suar 'bird strong'; Tok Pisin: muruk) are flightless birds of the genus Casuarius, in the order Casuariiformes. They are classified as ratites, flightless birds without a keel on their sternum bones. Cassowaries are native to the tropical forests of New Guinea (Western New Guinea and Papua New Guinea), the Moluccas (Seram and Aru Islands), and northeastern Australia. Three cassowary species are extant. The most common, the southern cassowary, is the fourth-tallest and third-heaviest living bird, smaller only than the two species of ostrich and the emu. The other two species of cassowary are the northern cassowary and the dwarf cassowary; the north…

Evidence: 71 • authority: 72

The emu (; Dromaius novaehollandiae) is a species of flightless bird endemic to Australia, where it is the tallest native bird. It is the only extant member of the genus Dromaius and the third-tallest living bird after its African ratite relatives, the common ostrich and Somali ostrich. The emu's native ranges cover most of the Australian mainland. The Tasmanian, Kangaroo Island and King Island subspecies became extinct after the European settlement of Australia in 1788. The emu has soft, brown feathers, a long neck, and long legs. It can grow up to 1.9 m (6 ft 3 in) in height. It is a robust bipedal runner that can travel great distances, and when necessary can sprint at 48 km/h (30 mph).…

Evidence: 63 • authority: 72

Evidence: 58 • authority: 92

Internal fossil constraints have more effect on the age estimates of crown Palaeognathae than different phylogenomic data type.. Palaeognathae is an ancient bird lineage that includes the volant tinamous and six flightless lineages: ostrich, rhea, cassowary, emu, kiwi (extant) and moa, elephant bird (extinct). Over the past decade, a consensus has emerged on the relationships within the group. In this consensus, the ostrich branch splits first, followed by rheas, a clade containing tinamou and moa and a clade with the emu and cassowary sister to the kiwi and elephant bird. However, the timing of the origin of these major clades remains uncertain. In phylogenomic studies, the origin of the c…

Evidence: 55 • authority: 72

The largest extant species of bird measured by mass is the common ostrich (Struthio camelus), closely followed by the Somali ostrich (Struthio molybdophanes). A male ostrich can reach a height of 2.8 metres (9.2 feet) and weigh up to 156.8 kg (346 lb), A mass of 200 kg (440 lb) has been cited for the ostrich but no wild ostriches of this weight have been verified. Ostrich eggs are the largest of any living bird, averaging 1.4 kg (3.1 lb). The largest wingspan of any extant bird is that of the wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans) of the Sub-Antarctic oceans. The largest dimensions found in this species are an approximate head-to-tail length of 1.44 m (4.7 ft) and a wingspan of 3.65 m (12.0…

Evidence: 50 • authority: 88

Air and water environmental DNA enable detection of a large terrestrial bird: a case study of the southern cassowary ( <i>Casuarius casuarius</i> ). The southern cassowary, <i>Casuarius casuarius</i>, is a large bodied terrestrial frugivore that plays a critical role in tropical rainforest ecosystems but can be challenging to locate and survey using traditional methods. Across much of its range, populations are threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and other anthropogenic pressures, and key aspects of distribution and movement remain poorly understood. Environmental DNA (eDNA) offers a non-invasive approach to monitoring elusive species, yet applications for large, mobile terrestrial v…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 72

Evidence: 42 • authority: 72