społeczeństwo: Critical race theory

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Critical race theory (CRT) is a conceptual framework developed to understand the relationships between social conceptions of race and ethnicity in the United States, social and political laws, and mass media. CRT also considers racism to be systemic in various laws and rules, not based only on individuals' prejudices. The word critical in the name is an academic reference to critical theory, not criticizing or blaming individuals. CRT is also used in sociology to explain social, political, and legal structures and power distribution as through a "lens" focusing on the concept of race, and experiences of racism. For example, the CRT framework examines racial bias in laws and legal institutio…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 92

"If I Stay Quiet, the Only Person That Gets Hurt Is Me": Anti-Asian Racism and the Mental Health of Chinese-Canadian Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic.. Background and PurposeDespite documented accounts of racial discrimination against Chinese communities during the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies have examined experiences of racism among Canadian youth. This qualitative study explored the experiences of Chinese-Canadian youth during the COVID-19 pandemic and their mental health.MethodsA qualitative descriptive research design, informed by Critical Race Theory (CRT), was used for this study. Data was collected using focus groups and image-based elicitation methods. Youth who self-identified…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 92

From colorblind to systemic racism: Emergence of a rhetorical shift in higher education discourse in response to the murder of George Floyd.. We use topic modeling and exponential random graph models (ERGM) to analyze statements issued by Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) (N = 356) in the United States in the aftermath of George Floyd's murder in May 2020. Prior research investigating discourse on race in IHEs demonstrates the prevalence of two paradigms. First, the ideology of 'colorblind racism' treats systemic racism-a form of racism where social, political, and economic institutions are organized in a way that disadvantages people of color-as having largely existed in the past. Co…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 92

A Patient-Centered Forensic Nursing Model of Care for Victims of Law Enforcement Violence.. Background The manuscript examines the nature, manifestations, and potential causes of law enforcement violence as well the need for a model of care for victims. Specifically, it explores development of a preliminary forensic nursing model of care. The questions posed over the course of development of the model follow (1) What are the challenges to developing a rudimentary forensic nursing model of care for victims of law enforcement violence? (2) What are the tenets to be utilized in developing the model? (3) What additional recommendations are to be considered in refining and expanding the model? K…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Racism is the belief that groups of humans possess different behavioral traits corresponding to inherited attributes and can be divided based on the superiority of one race or ethnicity over another. It may also mean prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against other people because they are of a different ethnic background. Modern variants of racism are often based in social perceptions of biological differences between peoples. These views can take the form of social actions, practices or beliefs, or political systems in which different races are ranked as inherently superior or inferior to each other, based on presumed shared inheritable traits, abilities, or qualities. There…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Racism has been reflected in discriminatory laws, practices, and actions (including violence) against racial or ethnic groups throughout the history of the United States. Since the early colonial era, White Americans have generally enjoyed legally or socially-sanctioned privileges and rights that have been denied to members of various ethnic or minority groups. European Americans have enjoyed advantages in matters of citizenship, criminal procedure, education, immigration, land acquisition, and voting rights. Before 1865, most African Americans were enslaved; since the abolition of slavery, they have faced severe restrictions on their political, social, and economic freedoms. Native America…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Anti-White racism is discrimination, prejudice and acts of hostility of a racist nature toward people racialized as White (especially those from Europe and its diasporas). It can manifest in various forms, including but not limited to ethnic hatred, stereotyping, exclusion, or violence, and can occur in both overt and subtle ways. The term "anti-White racism" originated in the 1960s, describing racist acts against White people recognized historically and politically (notably in France and by figures like Pierre Paraf). The concept of reverse racism in the U.S. context is often used by opponents of affirmative action. Claims of anti-White racism have been made since the 1980s and have become…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Algorithmic bias describes the systematic and repeatable harmful tendency in a computerized sociotechnical system to create "unfair" outcomes, such as "privileging" one category over another in ways that may or may not be different from the intended function of the algorithm. Bias can emerge from many factors, including intentionally biased design decisions or the unintended or unanticipated use or decisions relating to the way data is coded, collected, selected or used to train the algorithm. For example, algorithmic bias has been observed in search engine results and social media platforms. This bias can have impacts ranging from privacy violations to reinforcing social biases of race, ge…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Critical theory is a social, historical, and political school of thought and philosophical perspective which centers on analyzing and challenging systemic power relations in society, arguing that knowledge, truth, and social structures are fundamentally shaped by power dynamics between dominant and oppressed groups. Beyond just understanding and critiquing these dynamics, it explicitly aims to transform society through praxis and collective action with an explicit sociopolitical purpose. Critical theory's main tenets center on analyzing systemic power relations in society, focusing on the dynamics between groups with different levels of social, economic, and institutional power. Unlike trad…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Teaching Obama: history, critical race theory and social work education

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Breaking barriers: A study protocol on unveiling gender, racial and other intersectional dynamics in post-secondary institutions and identifying solutions for advancing primary care and public health research.. Background and objectives This study protocol employs critical race and intersectionality theories to investigate barriers faced by racialized women at various academic career stages within Canadian primary care (PC) and public health (PH). The objectives are to identify faculty characteristics, examine intersectional barriers, and recommend equity-focused, inclusive strategies and policies. Research design and methods The study adopts a sequential mixed-methods approach. A quantitat…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Interventions to Address Racism in Disciplinary Actions in K-12 Schools: A Systematic Review.. Students of color are disciplined for behavioral infractions at higher rates than white students in K-12 schools in the USA. The consequences of racism in K-12 schools include mental health problems, school dropout, and disproportionate disciplinary practices, leading to the school-to-prison pipeline. Many school personnel implement interventions to address student behavior rather than racism and other implicit biases. Furthermore, culturally relevant practices are imperative to address the root causes of racial disparities in student discipline. For these reasons, a systematic and comprehensive r…