Pies: Plato once said that "a dog has the soul of a philosopher

Evidence: 59 • authority: 88

Plato on the Soul. Plato’s central contribution to psychology is his theory of the tripartite soul. This is at once a theory about the nature of the embodied human soul and a theory of human motivation. Its implied theory of motivation was accepted with little or no modification by Aristotle. It remained influential into the later ancient period and beyond, not only among Platonists but also in the Aristotelian tradition. The theory is introduced and put to extensive use in the Republic . This chapter focuses on the Republic , whose psychological theory is discussed in considerable detail in Section 4. It begins by discussing the Protagoras (Section 1), the Gorgias (Section 2), and the Phae…

Evidence: 59 • authority: 72

Pythagoras of Samos (Ancient Greek: Πυθαγόρας; c. 570 – c. 495 BC) was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher, polymath, and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism. His political and religious teachings were well known in Magna Graecia and influenced the philosophies of Plato, Aristotle, and, through them, Western philosophy. Modern scholars disagree regarding Pythagoras's education and influences, but most agree that he travelled to Croton in southern Italy around 530 BC, where he founded a school in which initiates were allegedly sworn to secrecy and lived a communal, ascetic lifestyle. In antiquity, Pythagoras was credited with mathematical and scientific discoveries, such as the Pythagore…

Evidence: — • authority: 38