Ciekawostka: The Vatican city registered 0 births in 1983

Evidence: 50 • authority: 80

Address of John Paul II to First Meeting of the Pontifical Council for Culture, Vatican City, January 18, 1983

Evidence: 41 • authority: 80

Cosmology: <i>Astrophysical Cosmology</i> . Proceedings of a study week, The Vatican, Sept. 1981. H. A. Brock, G. V. Coyne, and M. S. Longair, Eds. Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Vatican City, 1982 (distributor, Specola Vaticana, Vatican City). xxxviii, 600…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 80

Cosmology: <i>Astrophysical Cosmology</i> . Proceedings of a study week, The Vatican, Sept. 1981. H. A. Brock, G. V. Coyne, and M. S. Longair, Eds. Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Vatican City, 1982 (distributor, Specola Vaticana, Vatican City). xxxviii, 600…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 78

Watykan (Vatican City State). capital: Vatican City. area: 0.44 km2. landlocked: yes. land borders: 1. region: Europe. subregion: Southern Europe

Evidence: 41 • authority: 72

Paul Casimir Marcinkus (; January 15, 1922 – February 20, 2006) was an American Catholic prelate who served as president of the Institute for the Works of Religion, commonly known as the Vatican Bank, from 1971 to 1989. He also served as president of the Governorate for Vatican City State from 1989 to 1990, following eight years as vice-president. He was the titular Archbishop of Horta.

Evidence: 41 • authority: 72

The pope is the bishop of Rome and the head of the worldwide Catholic Church. He is also known as the supreme pontiff, Roman pontiff, or sovereign pontiff. From the 8th century until 1870, the pope was the sovereign or head of state of the Papal States, and since 1929 of the much smaller Vatican City State. From a Catholic viewpoint, the primacy of the bishop of Rome is largely derived from his role as the apostolic successor to Saint Peter, to whom primacy was conferred by Jesus, who gave Peter the Keys of Heaven and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the Church would be built. The current pope is Leo XIV, who was elected on 8 May 2025 on the second da…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 72

Vatican City, officially the Vatican City State (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano; Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae), often shortened as the Vatican, is a landlocked sovereign city-state in Southern Europe. Ruled by the pope, it is an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy, and serves as the administrative centre of the Catholic Church. Vatican City is governed by the See of Rome, commonly known as the Holy See, itself a sovereign entity under international law, which maintains its temporal power, governance, diplomacy, and spiritual independence. Vatican is also used as a metonym for the Holy See, which is the central governing body of the Catholic Church and Vatican City, comprisi…

Evidence: — • authority: 35