kosmos: 7 July 2005 London bombings

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

On 7 July 2005, Islamist terrorists carried out four coordinated suicide bombings targeting commuters travelling on London's public transport during the morning rush hour. The attacks are sometimes known as the 7/7 bombings or simply 7/7. Three terrorists separately detonated three homemade bombs in quick succession aboard London Underground trains in Inner London. Later, a fourth terrorist detonated another bomb on a double-decker bus in Tavistock Square. The train bombings occurred on the Circle Line near Aldgate and at Edgware Road and on the Piccadilly Line near Russell Square. Apart from the bombers, 52 people from 18 countries were killed and nearly 800 were injured in the attacks. It…

Evidence: 75 • authority: 72

The 2004 Madrid train bombings (also known in Spain as 11M for 11 de marzo) (or 3/11) were a series of coordinated, nearly simultaneous bombings against the Cercanías commuter train system of Madrid, Spain, on the morning of 11 March 2004—three days before Spain's general elections. The explosions killed 193 people and injured around 2,500. The bombings constituted the deadliest terrorist attack carried out in the history of Spain and the deadliest in Europe since the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 in Scotland. The attacks were carried out by radical Islamists who opposed Spanish indirect involvement in the 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq. Controversy regarding the handling and representati…

Evidence: 68 • authority: 72

Pan Am Flight 103 was a regularly scheduled Pan Am flight from Frankfurt to Detroit, with stopovers in London and New York City. Shortly after 19:00 GMT on 21 December 1988, the Boeing 747 Clipper Maid of the Seas operating the transatlantic leg of the flight was destroyed by a bomb while flying over the Scottish town of Lockerbie. The attack killed 270 people: all 243 passengers, the 16 crew members, and 11 residents of Lockerbie who were killed by fire and falling debris. The Lockerbie Bombing is the deadliest terrorist attack in the history of the United Kingdom and one of the deadliest terrorist attacks in European history. In 1991, after a three-year joint investigation between Dumfrie…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

On 22 May 2017, twenty-two people were killed and 1,017 injured in an Islamic terrorist suicide bombing at Manchester Arena in Manchester, England. The attack was perpetrated by Islamic extremist Salman Abedi and aided by his brother, Hashem Abedi, at 22:31 following a concert by the American pop singer Ariana Grande. It was the deadliest act of terrorism and the first suicide bombing in the United Kingdom since the 7 July 2005 London bombings. Carrying a large backpack, Abedi detonated an improvised explosive device containing triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and nuts and bolts serving as shrapnel. After initial suspicions of a terrorist network, police later said they believed Abedi had larg…

Evidence: 30 • authority: 80

Libyan Officials Indicted for Bombing of Pan Am Flight 103

Evidence: 29 • authority: 72

The reasons behind terrorist attacks in Great Britain are many. During the 20th century, most attacks were carried out by various Irish Republican Army (IRA) groups and were linked to the Northern Ireland conflict (the Troubles). In the late 20th century there were also isolated attacks by Middle Eastern terrorist groups, though the vast majority of the attacks were the work of the IRA and splinter groups. During the 21st century, however, most terrorist incidents in Britain have been linked to Islamic fundamentalism. Since 1970, there have been at least 3,395 terrorist-related deaths in the UK, the highest in western Europe. The vast majority of the deaths were linked to the Northern Irela…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Psychological impact of far-right terrorism against Muslim minorities on national distress, community, and wellbeing.. The Christchurch mosque shootings on March 15th, 2019 was the deadliest incident of mass violence in New Zealand for over a century. The present study investigated the psychological impact of these terrorist attacks targeting a specific minority community on the psychological functioning of the wider New Zealand population by examining changes in terrorism anxiety, sense of community, psychological distress, and wellbeing. Data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Survey (N = 47,951; age range 18-99 years, M = 48.59, SD = 13.86; 62% female) collected across a year, inc…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

A suicide attack (also known by a wide variety of other names, see below) is a deliberate attack in which the perpetrators intentionally end their own lives as part of the attack. These attacks are a form of murder–suicide that is often associated with terrorism or war. When the attackers are labelled as terrorists, the attacks are sometimes referred to as an act of suicide terrorism. Military use of suicide is not directly regulated by international law, but suicide attacks sometimes violate prohibitions against perfidy or targeting civilians. Suicide attacks have occurred in various contexts, ranging from military campaigns—such as the Japanese kamikaze pilots during World War II (1944–19…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Camp Chapman attack was a suicide attack by Humam Khalil Abu-Mulal al-Balawi against the Central Intelligence Agency facility inside Forward Operating Base Chapman in Afghanistan on December 30, 2009. One of the main tasks of the CIA personnel stationed at the base was to provide intelligence supporting drone attacks in Pakistan. Seven American CIA officers and contractors, a Jordanian intelligence officer, and an Afghan working for the CIA were killed when al-Balawi detonated a bomb sewn into a vest he was wearing. Six other American CIA officers were wounded. The bombing was the most lethal attack against the CIA in more than 25 years. Al-Balawi was a Jordanian doctor and jihadist web…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Lockerbie: A Search for Truth is a British television drama in five-parts directed by Otto Bathurst and Jim Loach, based on the 2021 book The Lockerbie Bombing: A Father's Search for Justice by Jim Swire and Peter Biddulph. It stars Colin Firth as Swire, who embarks on a quest for justice after his daughter, Flora, dies on Pan Am Flight 103. It premiered on 2 January 2025 on Sky Atlantic and Now in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and on Peacock in the United States. Each episode's length is around 60 minutes.