technologia: Southern question

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

In Italian historiography, the southern question (Italian: questione meridionale) is the perception, dating back to the aftermath of the unification of Italy, that southern Italy is persistently backwards in terms of socioeconomic development compared to the other regions of the country, especially the ones in northern Italy. First used in 1873 by Lombard classical radical and Historical Far Left deputy Antonio Billia, meaning the disastrous economic situation of the south of Italy compared to other regions of united Italy, it is used in common parlance even into the 21st century. The great southern emigration began only a few decades after the unification of Italy, where in the first half…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 88

Business families in Southern Patagonia: from the end of the 19th Century to the first decades of 20th century. The groups of settlers who arrived in Punta Arenas in Southern Patagonia in the second half of the 19th century, established the trade in hunting products, leather and exotic feathers. They organized the first companies as trading houses between individuals and friends. The capital accumulation of these immigrants promoted take-off and productive control based on external trade routes, an evidence of prior connections abroad. From 1881, the multiplication of some family companies boosted out controlling branches and suppliers of value productive chains through different associatio…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 80

UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION TO GREAT BRITAIN IN THE LATE 19TH AND FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY: THE SOCIAL DIMENSION

Evidence: 43 • authority: 72

Tourism in Italy is one of the largest economic sectors of the country. With 61,5 million international tourists in 2025, Italy is the fifth-most visited country in international tourism arrivals. According to 2018 estimates by the Bank of Italy, the tourism sector directly generates more than five per cent of the national GDP (13 per cent when also considering the indirectly generated GDP) and represents over six per cent of the employed. As of 2023, Italy is the world's ninth-largest travel and tourism market, with the sector contributing approximately $231.3 billion to the country's GDP. The first people to visit the Italian peninsula for tourism were aristocrats on the Grand Tour, which…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 88

Unequal Unification? Income Inequality and Unification in 19th Century Italy and Germany. This research provides a comprehensive study of the linkages between unification and related policy choices on income inequality by examining the cases of Italy and Germany in the context of 19th century unification. To conduct this analysis, the study puts forward estimates of income inequality for pre-unification German states using social tables, compiled using primary data, some of which have thus far been unexplored in economic research. The findings suggest that differences in inequality between regions were more pronounced in Italy than in Germany. In seeking explanations for these trends, the s…

Evidence: 25 • authority: 72

Italian cuisine is a Mediterranean cuisine consisting of the ingredients, recipes and cooking techniques developed in Italy since Roman times, and later spread around the world together with waves of Italian diaspora. Significant changes occurred with the colonization of the Americas and the consequent introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, capsicums, and maize, as well as sugar beet—the latter introduced in quantity in the 18th century. Italian cuisine is one of the best-known and most widely appreciated worldwide. In 2025, Italian cuisine was listed as intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO. The cuisine includes deeply rooted countrywide traditions as well as diverse regional dishes. Many di…

Evidence: 20 • authority: 72

The Republic of Venice, officially the Most Serene Republic of Venice and traditionally known as La Serenissima, was a maritime republic with its capital in Venice, on the northeastern coast of Italy. Founded, according to tradition, in 697 by Paolo Lucio Anafesto, over the course of its 1,100 years of history it established itself as one of the major European commercial and naval powers. Initially extended in the Dogado area (a territory currently comparable to the Metropolitan City of Venice), during its history it annexed a large part of Northeast Italy, Istria, Dalmatia, the coasts of present-day Montenegro and Albania as well as numerous islands in the Adriatic and eastern Ionian seas.…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Southern Italy, also known as Meridione ([meriˈdjoːne]) or Mezzogiorno ([ˌmɛddzoˈdʒorno] ), is a macroregion of Italy consisting of its southern regions. In the 21st century, the term "Mezzogiorno" mostly refers to the regions that are associated with the people, lands or culture of the historical and cultural region that was once politically under the administration of the former Kingdoms of Naples and Sicily (officially denominated as one entity Regnum Siciliae citra Pharum and ultra Pharum, i.e. "Kingdom of Sicily on the other side of the Strait" and "across the Strait") and which later shared a common organization into Italy's largest pre-unitarian state, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Italy has been inhabited by humans since the Paleolithic. During antiquity, there were many peoples in the Italian peninsula, including Etruscans, Latins, Samnites, Umbri, Cisalpine Gauls, Greeks in Magna Graecia and others. Most significantly, Italy was the cradle of the Roman civilization. Rome was founded as a kingdom in 753 BC and became a republic in 509 BC. The Roman Republic then unified Italy forming a confederation of the Italic peoples and rose to dominate Western Europe, Northern Africa, and the Near East. The Roman Empire, established in 27 BC, ruled the Mediterranean region for centuries, contributing to the development of Western culture, philosophy, science and art. During th…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The unification of Italy (Italian: Unità d'Italia [uniˈta ddiˈtaːlja]), also known as the Risorgimento (Italian: [risordʒiˈmento]; lit. 'Resurgence'), was the 19th-century political and social movement that in 1861 ended in the annexation of various states of the Italian Peninsula and its outlying isles to the Kingdom of Sardinia, resulting in the creation of the Kingdom of Italy. Inspired by the rebellions in the 1820s and 1830s against the outcome of the Congress of Vienna, the unification process was precipitated by the Revolutions of 1848, and reached completion in 1871 with the official designation of Rome as capital of Italy, following the capture of Rome in 1870. Individuals who play…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Italian diaspora (Italian: emigrazione italiana, pronounced [emiɡratˈtsjoːne itaˈljaːna], lit. 'Italian emigration') is the large-scale emigration of Italians from Italy. There were various major Italian diasporas in Italian history. The first diaspora began around 1880 and ended in the 1920s to the early 1940s with the rise of Fascist Italy. Poverty was the main reason for emigration, specifically the lack of land as mezzadria sharecropping flourished in Italy, especially in the South, and property became subdivided over generations. Especially in Southern Italy, conditions were harsh. From the 1860s to the 1950s, Italy was still a largely rural society with many small towns and cities…