transport: Whiplash (medicine)

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Whiplash, whose formal term is whiplash associated disorders (WAD), is a range of injuries to the neck caused by or related to a sudden distortion of the neck associated with extension, although the exact injury mechanisms remain unknown. The term "whiplash" is a colloquialism. "Cervical acceleration–deceleration" (CAD) describes the mechanism of the injury, while WAD describes the subsequent injuries and symptoms. Whiplash is commonly associated with motor vehicle crashes, usually when the vehicle has been hit in the rear; however, the injury can be sustained in many other ways, including headbanging, bungee jumping and falls. It is one of the most frequently claimed injuries on vehicle in…

Evidence: 25 • authority: 80

Case Report of Whiplash Related Chronic Neck Pain Treated with Intraarticular Prolotherapy

Evidence: 25 • authority: 88

Chronic Neck Pain and Whiplash: A Case‐Control Study of the Relationship between Acute Whiplash Injuries and Chronic Neck Pain. The authors undertook a case‐control study of chronic neck pain and whiplash injuries in nine states in the United States to determine whether whiplash injuries contributed significantly to the population of individuals with chronic neck and other spine pain. Four hundred nineteen patients and 246 controls were randomly enrolled. Patients were defined as individuals with chronic neck pain, and controls as those with chronic back pain. The two groups were surveyed for cause of chronic pain as well as demographic information. The two groups were compared using an exp…

Evidence: — • authority: 88

Dispositional and situational personal features and acute post-collision head and neck pain: Double mediation of pain catastrophizing and pain sensitivity. Pain variability can be partially attributed to psycho-cognitive features involved in its processing. However, accumulating research suggests that simple linear correlation between situational and dispositional factors may not be sufficiently explanatory, with some positing a role for mediating influences. In addition, acute pain processing studies generally focus on a post-operative model with less attention provided to post-traumatic injury. As such, this study aimed to investigate a more comprehensive pain processing model that includ…