Pies: Male dogs know the female is in heat due to a smell emitted from the female dog

Evidence: 64 • authority: 92

Decoding dog communication through the physiology and behavior of urine marking.. Although olfaction is the main sensory domain in dogs and urinary markings are crucial behavioral patterns involved in canids' communication, the scientific literature on this topic is quite scarce. In the present work, we investigated the relationship between male dogs marking behavior (scored throughout different facial expression, marking distance from the target odor etc.) and physiological response (urine concentrations of the hormones mainly involved in the physiological responses to social stressors: cortisol, oxytocin, adrenaline, testosterone; and the neurotransmitters most responsible for cognitive f…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 72

The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated descendant of wolves. Also called the domestic dog, it was selectively bred during the Late Pleistocene by hunter-gatherers. Dogs and the modern gray wolf share a common ancestor. Dogs were the first species to be domesticated over 14,000 years ago, before the development of agriculture, though genetic studies suggest the domestication process may have begun over 25,000 years ago. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids. Dogs have been bred for specific behaviors, sensory abilities, and physical traits. Dog breeds va…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 80

USMI in female and male dogs: artificial urethral sphincter update

Evidence: 45 • authority: 80

Figure 2 - The content of mercury in the wool of male and female domestic dogs

Evidence: 45 • authority: 92

In the trail of the crime scene dog: Processing of human DNA from outdoor samples.. The growing use of crime scene dogs to detect human body fluids has led to an increased number of outdoor samples being submitted to forensic DNA laboratories. The analysis of DNA in outdoor samples such as soil presents significant challenges with present protocols due to the combination of relatively large sample volumes and co-extraction of humic substances. To address this, we have optimised a soil microbial DNA extraction protocol for the recovery of semen by incorporating enzymatic, chemical and physical lysis steps. This optimisation increased the DNA yield 43-fold. Using mock crime scene samples, the…

Evidence: — • authority: 38