ciało-człowieka: Denisovan

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The Denisovans or Denisova hominins ( də-NIS-ə-və(nz)) are an extinct species or subspecies of archaic human that ranged across Asia during the Middle to Late Pleistocene, approximately 200,000–32,000 years ago. Most of what is known about Denisovans comes from DNA evidence. While many recent fossils have been found and tentatively identified as Denisovan, the first Denisovans discovered were known from few physical remains. Consequently, no formal species name has been established. However, an analysis of the mitochondrial DNA and endogenous proteins from the Harbin cranium, which had been given the name Homo longi, showed that this skull represents a Denisovan. In a study published in Sep…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 72

Denisova Cave (Russian: Денисова пещера, romanized: Denísova peshchéra, lit. 'the cave of Denis') is a cave in the Bashelaksky Range of the Altai Mountains in Siberia, Russia. It is widely known for having provided items of great paleoarchaeological and paleontological interest. In particular, the 2008 discovery of bone fragments that in 2010 have been conclusively established to have belonged to a separate early human species – the Denisova hominin – which is named after the cave. Other items including artifacts dated to around 40,000 BP. Remains of a 32,000-year-old prehistoric species of horse have also been found in the cave. The cave is located in a region thought to have been inhabite…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Denny (Denisova 11) is an ~90,000 year old fossil specimen belonging to a ~13-year-old Neanderthal-Denisovan hybrid girl. To date, she is the only first-generation hybrid hominin ever discovered. Denny's remains consist of a single fossilized fragment of a long bone discovered among over 2,000 visually unidentifiable fragments excavated at the Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains, Russia in 2012. A team of researchers at Oxford University led by Tom Higham used a method of collagen peptide mass fingerprinting, called Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS), and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis to identify the fragment as belonging to an archaic human with Neanderthal ancestry. Genomic…

Evidence: 29 • authority: 88

Morphology of Denisovan molars: problems of taxon identification in the context of genetic data. Attempts to analyse fragmentary specimens of Denisovan remains in conjunction with archaeological and ge-netic data may be a useful experience in the search for taxonomically valuable traits. The paper presents the results of a dental analysis of 3 permanent molars and 1 deciduous tooth of the upper and lower jaws of different individuals, representing different stages of the Denisovan (Homo altaensis or Homo s. denisovan) existence in the territory of modern Altai during the Pleistocene. The chronological age of the finds is marked by a wide interval from about 300–200 kyBP to 84–55 kyBP. The m…

Evidence: 29 • authority: 72

The Xiahe mandible ([ɕjâxɤ̌], sh'ya-khuh) is a hominin fossil jaw (mandible) discovered in Baishiya Karst Cave, located on the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau in Xiahe County, Gansu, China. By the use of palaeoproteomic analysis, it is the first confirmed discovery of a Denisovan fossil outside of Denisova Cave, and was the most complete confirmed Denisovan fossil before the identification of the Homo longi holotype as a Denisovan. This fossil discovery shows that archaic hominins were present in a high-elevation, low-oxygen environment around 160,000 years ago. Discover, Science News and Nova all named the discovery of the mandible in their lists of Top Science Stories of 2019.