pogoda: Late Pleistocene extinctions

Extinctions in northern Eurasia were staggered over tens of thousands of years between 50,000 and 10,000 years ago, while extinctions in the Americas were virtually simultaneous, spanning only 3,000 years at most.

The Late Pleistocene to the beginning of the Holocene saw the extinction of the majority of the world's megafauna, typically defined as animal species having body masses of 45 kg (99 lb) or more, which resulted in a collapse in faunal density and diversity across the globe. The extinctions during the Late Pleistocene are differentiated from previous extinctions by their extreme size bias towards large animals (with small animals being largely unaffected), the widespread absence of ecological succession to replace these extinct megafaunal species, and the regime shift of previously established faunal relationships and habitats as a consequence. The timing and severity of the extinctions varied by region and are generally thought to have been driven by the globally expanding population of modern humans, climatic change, or a combination of both. Human impact on megafauna populations is thought to have been driven by hunting ("overkill"), as well as possibly environmental alteration. The relative importance of human versus climatic factors in the extinctions has been the subject of long-running controversy, though most scholars support at least a contributory role of humans in the extinctions. Major extinctions occurred in Australia-New Guinea (Sahul) beginning around 50,000 years ago and in the Americas about 13,000 years ago, coinciding in time with the migration of modern huma…

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