ciało-człowieka: Flatulence

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Flatulence is the expulsion of gas from the intestines via the anus, commonly referred to as farting. "Flatus" is the medical word for gas generated in the stomach or bowels. A proportion of intestinal gas may be swallowed environmental air; hence, flatus is not entirely generated in the stomach or bowels. The scientific study of this area of medicine is termed flatology. Passing gas is a normal bodily process. Flatus is brought to the rectum and pressurized by muscles in the intestines. It is normal to pass flatus ("to fart"), though volume and frequency vary greatly among individuals. It is also normal for intestinal gas to have a feculent or unpleasant odor, which may be intense. The noi…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 72

Human feces (American English) or faeces (British English), commonly and in medical literature more often called stool, commonly referred to as poo or poop, are the solid or semisolid remains of food that could not be digested or absorbed in the small intestine of humans, but has been further broken down by bacteria in the large intestine. It also contains bacteria and a relatively small amount of metabolic waste products such as bacterially altered bilirubin, and the dead epithelial cells from the lining of the gut. It is discharged through the anus during a process called defecation. Human feces have similarities to the feces of other animals and varies significantly in appearance (i.e. s…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 92

High Frequency of Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency Among Patients with Abdominal Pain, Bloating, and Malodorous Flatus: Hidden Pancreatic Insufficiency. Background/Aims: Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is a condition characterized by impaired digestion and absorption resulting from insufficient exocrine secretion of the pancreas. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and associated risk factors of PEI in patients presenting to the gastroenterology outpatient clinic with common gastrointestinal complaints such as abdominal pain, dyspepsia, and defecation disorders. Materials and Methods: Three hundred ten symptomatic patients were retrospecti…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Irritable Bowel Syndrome and IBS-like Symptoms

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Irritable bowel syndrome : pathophysiology, symptoms and biomarkers

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Irritable bowel syndrome: low-dose antidepressant improves symptoms

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Food‐related Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Irritable bowel syndrome: symptoms and diagnosis

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), also termed bacterial overgrowth, or small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SBBOS), is a disorder of excessive bacterial growth in the small intestine. Unlike the colon (or large bowel), which is rich with bacteria, the small intestine usually has fewer than 100,000 organisms per millilitre. Patients with SIBO typically develop symptoms which may include nausea, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, malnutrition, weight loss, brain fog, and malabsorption by various mechanisms. The diagnosis of SIBO is made by several techniques, with the gold standard being an aspirate from the jejunum that grows more than 105 bacteria per millilitre. Risk facto…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Defecation (or defaecation) follows digestion and is the necessary biological process by which organisms eliminate a solid, semisolid, or liquid waste material known as feces (or faeces) from the digestive tract via the anus or cloaca. The act has a variety of names, ranging from the technical (e.g. bowel movement), to the common (like pooping or crapping), to the obscene (shitting), to the euphemistic ("doing number two", "dropping a deuce" or "taking a dump"), to the juvenile ("going poo-poo" or "making doo-doo"). The topic, usually avoided in polite company, forms the basis of scatological humor. Humans expel feces with a frequency varying from a few times daily to a few times weekly. Wa…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a group of symptoms that commonly include abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, and changes in the consistency of bowel movements. These symptoms may occur over a long time, sometimes for years. IBS can negatively affect quality of life and may result in missed school or work or reduced productivity at work. Disorders such as anxiety, major depressive disorder, and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome are common among people with IBS, sometimes developing due to the condition. The cause of IBS is not known, but multiple factors have been proposed to lead to the condition. Theories include c…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Fecal incontinence (FI), or in some forms, encopresis, is a lack of control over defecation, leading to involuntary loss of bowel contents—including flatus (gas), liquid stool elements and mucus, or solid feces. FI is a sign or a symptom, not a diagnosis. Incontinence can result from different causes and might occur with either constipation or diarrhea. Continence is maintained by several interrelated factors, including the anal sampling mechanism, and incontinence usually results from a deficiency of multiple mechanisms. The most common causes are thought to be immediate or delayed damage from childbirth, complications from prior anorectal surgery (especially involving the anal sphincters…