biologia: Planctomycetota

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The Planctomycetota are a phylum of widely distributed bacteria, occurring in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. They play a considerable role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles, with many species of this phylum capable of anaerobic ammonium oxidation, also known as anammox. Many Planctomycetota occur in relatively high abundance as biofilms, often associating with other organisms such as macroalgae and marine sponges. Planctomycetota are included in the PVC superphylum along with Verrucomicrobiota, Chlamydiota, Lentisphaerota, Kiritimatiellaeota, and Candidatus Omnitrophica. The phylum Planctomycetota is composed of the classes Planctomycetia and Phycisphaerae. First described in 192…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 92

A century of research on the Planctomycetota bacterial phylum, previously known as Planctomycetes.. One hundred years after planctomycetes were discovered and 50 years since the first isolate was successfully cultured, this bacterial phylum remains enigmatic in many ways. In the last few decades, a significant effort to characterize new isolates has resulted in >150 described species, allowing a more comprehensive analysis of their features. However, metagenomic studies reveal that a diverse group of planctomycetes has yet to be cultured and characterized, and that many biological surprises are yet to be revealed. This is the case for the recently discovered phagotrophic Candidatus Uabimicr…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 88

<i>Planctomycetota</i>. Abstract Planc.to.my.ce.to'ta. N.L. masc. n. Planctomyces , type genus of the phylum; L. neut. pl. n. suff. ‐ ota , ending to denote a phylum; N.L. neut. pl. n. Planctomycetota , the Planctomyces phylum. The phylum Planctomycetota (former name Planctomycetes ) was proposed in 2001 on the basis of the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences in order to accommodate several genera of budding aquatic bacteria. This is the only currently recognized phylum whose as‐yet‐uncultivated type genus, Planctomyces , was described based solely on its highly distinctive cell morphology. The current genome‐based classification suggests that the Planctomycetota accommodates 3…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 72

Neomura (from Ancient Greek neo- "new", and Latin -murus "wall") is a proposed clade of life composed of the two domains Archaea and Eukaryota, coined by Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 2002. Its name reflects the hypothesis that both archaea and eukaryotes evolved out of the domain Bacteria, and one of the major changes was the replacement of the bacterial peptidoglycan cell walls with other glycoproteins. As of October 2024, the neomuran hypothesis is not accepted by most scientific workers; many molecular phylogenies suggest that eukaryotes are most closely related to one group of archaeans and evolved from them, rather than forming a clade with all archaeans, and that archaea and bacteria are…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 92

Diversity and Vertical Distribution of Planctomycetota in the Water Column of the Remote North Pacific.. The extensive microbial diversity found in the oceans is becoming to be uncovered despite limited knowledge and cultured representatives for many taxonomic groups. This study analysed the distribution and diversity of Planctomycetota at four water column profiles of the Eastern North Pacific subtropical front (ENPSF) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A dual approach, utilising PacBio long-reads and Illumina short-reads, was employed to enhance the accuracy of taxonomic assignment and compare sequencing methods. The diversity of Planctomycetota increased below the deep chlorophyll maximum l…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The PVC is a superphylum of bacteria named after its three important members, Planctomycetota, Verrucomicrobiota, and Chlamydiota. Cavalier-Smith postulated that the PVC bacteria probably lost or reduced their peptidoglycan cell wall twice. It has been hypothesised that a member of the PVC clade might have been the host cell in the endosymbiotic event that gave rise to the first proto-eukaryotic cell. Cavalier-Smith calls the same group Planctobacteria and considers it a phylum. However, this is not followed by the larger scientific community. In the Cavalier-Smith bacterial megaclassification, it is within the bacterial Gracilicutes infra-kingdom and comprises the phyla Chlamydiota, Lentis…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

In chemistry, a ladderane is an organic molecule containing two or more fused cyclobutane rings. The name arises from the resemblance of a series of fused cyclobutane rings to a ladder. Numerous synthetic approaches have been developed for the synthesis of ladderane compounds of various lengths. The mechanisms often involve [2 + 2] photocycloadditions, a useful reaction for creating strained 4-membered rings. Naturally occurring ladderanes have been identified as major components of the anammoxosome membrane of the anammox bacteria, phylum Planctomycetota.

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Anammox, an abbreviation for ‘anaerobic ammonium oxidation’, is a globally important microbial process of the nitrogen cycle that takes place in many natural environments. The bacteria mediating this process were identified in 1999, and were a great surprise for the scientific community. In the anammox reaction, nitrite and ammonium ions are converted directly into diatomic nitrogen and water. The bacteria that perform the anammox process are genera that belong to the phylum Planctomycetota. The anammox bacteria all possess one anammoxosome, a lipid bilayer membrane-bound compartment inside the cytoplasm in which the anammox process takes place. The anammoxosome membranes are rich in ladder…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Gemmata obscuriglobus is a species of Gram-negative, aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria of the phylum Planctomycetota. G. obscuriglobus occur in freshwater habitats and was first described in 1984, and is the only described species in its genus. Gemmata obscuriglobus is exceptional for its unusual morphology and for the unusual features in its genome, often considered to represent large differences in internal organization compared with most prokaryotes