maszyny: Digital rights management

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Digital rights management (DRM) is the management of legal access to digital content. Various tools or technological protection measures, such as access control technologies, can restrict the use of proprietary hardware and copyrighted works. DRM technologies govern the use, modification and distribution of copyrighted works (e.g. software, multimedia content) and of systems that enforce these policies within devices. DRM technologies include licensing agreements and encryption. Laws in many countries criminalize the circumvention of DRM, communication about such circumvention, and the creation and distribution of tools used for such circumvention. Such laws are part of the United States' D…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 72

Copyright infringement (sometimes referred to as piracy) is the use of works protected by copyright without permission for usage where such permission is required, thereby infringing certain exclusive rights granted to the copyright holder, such as the right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to produce derivative works. The copyright holder is usually the work's creator, or a publisher or other business to whom copyright has been assigned. Copyright holders routinely invoke legal and technological measures to prevent and penalize copyright infringement. Copyright infringement disputes are usually resolved through direct negotiation, a notice and take down p…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 88

DRM Protection Technologies. Digital Rights Management (DRM) is concerned with the ownership of digital information and access to that information. Organizations and individuals increasingly seek to prevent unauthorized or inadvertent release of owned, proprietary, or sensitive information. A variety of technologies are available to prevent the piracy and verify the true owners of digital content, unfortunately specifics of these technologies are often proprietary. Content can be protected by a variety of encryption techniques for the storage and transmission of digital information yet; these same techniques can limit access and usability of digital content. This chapter discusses the gener…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 72

Internet censorship is the legal control or suppression of what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the Internet. Censorship is most often applied to specific internet domains (such as Wikipedia.org, for example) but exceptionally may extend to all Internet resources located outside the jurisdiction of the censoring state. Internet censorship may also put restrictions on what information can be made internet accessible. Organizations providing internet access – such as schools and libraries – may choose to preclude access to material that they consider undesirable, offensive, age-inappropriate or even illegal, and regard this as ethical behavior rather than censorship. Individuals and…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 72

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) is a 1998 United States copyright law that implements two 1996 treaties of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). It criminalizes production and dissemination of technology, devices, or services intended to circumvent measures that control access to copyrighted works (commonly known as digital rights management or DRM). It also criminalizes the act of circumventing an access control, whether or not there is actual infringement of copyright itself. In addition, the DMCA heightens the penalties for copyright infringement on the Internet. Passed on October 12, 1998, by a unanimous vote in the United States Senate and signed into law by…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 92

Language Models as a Challenge for Business Ethics - A Partially Open-Source Approach.. Large language models have become central infrastructures of contemporary digital economies while raising persistent ethical concerns regarding linguistic inequality, opacity, data governance, and the concentration of technological power. Much of the current debate on AI ethics focuses on normative principles such as fairness, transparency, and accountability. While these principles remain essential, they often do not sufficiently explain why ethically problematic outcomes persist under competitive market conditions. This paper addresses that gap by applying Karl Homann's institutional economic ethics to…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 80

Technological protection measures and rights management information

Evidence: 38 • authority: 92

Balancing Security and Privacy: Web Bot Detection, Privacy Challenges, and Regulatory Compliance under the GDPR and AI Act.. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of web bot activity, exploring both offensive and defensive perspectives within the context of modern web infrastructure. As bots play a dual role-enabling malicious activities like credential stuffing and scraping while also facilitating benign automation-distinguishing between humans, good bots, and bad bots has become increasingly critical. We examine the technical challenges of detecting web bots amidst large volumes of benign traffic, highlighting the privacy risks involved in monitoring users at scale. Additionally, t…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 72

Open-source software (OSS) is computer software whose source code is publicly available, allowing users to use, study, modify, and distribute it — in contrast with proprietary (closed-source) software. These abilities are typically granted through open licenses or, more rarely, by dedication to the public domain. The development of open-source software can be based on open collaboration, a decentralized model of production. It is commonly defined according to the Open Source Definition of the Open Source Initiative, but the precise meaning of "open source" remains contentious. Open-source software offers a range of benefits, but also presents specific risks and challenges. It can provide im…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 72

Proprietary software is software that grants its creator, publisher, or other rightsholder or rightsholder partner a legal monopoly by modern copyright and intellectual property law to exclude the recipient from freely sharing the software or modifying it, and—in some cases, as is the case with some patent-encumbered and EULA-bound software—from making use of the software on their own, thereby restricting their freedoms. Proprietary software, sometimes also referred to as Proprietary and Internal Source Software (PISS, an informal and derogatory antiversion of the FOSS acronym for Free and Open Source Software), is a subset of non-free software, a term defined in contrast to free and open-s…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Loi DADVSI (generally pronounced as [dadsi]) is the abbreviation of the French Loi relative au droit d'auteur et aux droits voisins dans la société de l'information (in English: "law on authors' rights and related rights in the information society"). It is a bill reforming French copyright law, mostly in order to implement the 2001 Information Society Directive, which in turn implements a 1996 WIPO treaty. The law, despite being initially dismissed as highly technical and of no concern to the average person, generated considerable controversy when it was examined by the French Parliament between December 2005 and June 30, 2006, when it was finally voted through by both houses. Most of the b…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Decoding the Solution for Man-at-the-End Attacks and Reverse Engineering on IoMT Devices: An Experimental Review of Techniques and Defences.. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), which revolutionizes modern healthcare, is expanding to provide remote support and treatment options. The device is handled by the patient or the healthcare provider to monitor the data continuously. When the IoMT is not handled with care by the authorized person, the sensitive data can be compromised by Man-At-The-End attacks (MATE). The gain of physical access allows the attacker to insert malicious code and tamper with the normal functionality, leading to wrong diagnosis and treatment. The altered performance…